The adoption is yet future, it is the bodily resurrection of the body of Christ, the church, ". . . waiting for the adoption, to wit, the redemption of our body. . . ."-- Romans 8:23. ". . . now are we the sons of God, and it doth not yet appear what we shall be: but we know that, when he shall appear, we shall be like him; . . ." -- 1 John 3:2.
The adoption brings immortality (again Romans 8:23; 1 John 3:2; 1 Corinthians 15:53).
Romans 8:10 (NASB) If Christ is in you, though the body is dead because of sin, yet the spirit is alive because of righteousness.
Romans 7:22-25 (NASB) 22 For I joyfully concur with the law of God in the
inner man, 23 but I see a different law in the members of my body, waging war against the law of my mind and making me a prisoner of the law of sin which is in my members. 24 Wretched man that I am! Who will set me free from the body of this death? 25 Thanks be to God through Jesus Christ our Lord! So then, on the one hand I myself with my mind am serving the law of God, but on the other, with my flesh the law of sin.
Romans 4:10-12 (NASB) 10 How then was it credited? While he was circumcised, or uncircumcised?
Not while circumcised, but while uncircumcised; 11 and he received the sign of circumcision,
a seal of the righteousness of the faith which he had while uncircumcised, so
that he might be the father of all who believe without being circumcised, that righteousness might be credited to them, 12 and the father of circumcision to those who not only are of the circumcision,
but who also follow in the steps of the faith of our father Abraham which he had while uncircumcised.
We know that Abraham was made righteous in spirit prior to being circumcised (about a decade before Isaac was born), so we know the spirit is a righteous inner man while the body doesn’t get the full inheritance until the resurrection. This makes sense with Ephesians:
Ephesians 1:13-14 (NASB) 13 In Him, you also,
after listening to the message of truth, the gospel of your salvation--
having also believed, you were
sealed in Him with the Holy Spirit of promise, 14 who is given
as a pledge of our inheritance, with a view to the redemption of God's own possession, to the praise of His glory.
The Holy Spirit in us if life & righteousness. He is given AFTER we believe, He does not cause us to believe. He is a seal of the righteousness we obtain through faith by grace... just as circumcision was the seal of the righteousness given to Abraham. It is a pledge of the full inheritance yet to come - the resurrection of the body. Circumcision is a type & shadow of the Holy Spirit in us. The outer flesh is separated from the inner man. This is what Hebrews talks about:
Hebrews 4:12 (NASB) For the word of God is living and active and sharper than any two-edged sword, and piercing as far
as the division of soul and spirit, of both joints and marrow, and able to judge the thoughts and intentions of the heart.
Romans 8 says, in essence our sin is banished from our spirit at the indwelling & exiled to our flesh. Our flesh dies in its sin to fulfill the law:
Romans 8:3-4 (NASB) 3 For what the Law could not do, weak as it was through the flesh, God did: sending His own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh and as an offering for sin,
He condemned sin in the flesh, 4 so that
the requirement of the Law might be fulfilled in us, who do not walk according to the flesh but according to the Spirit.
Consider; this is how death is destroyed... by our spirit being made alive by Christ’s righteousness (inherited through our kinship with Abraham because of having the same faith in the gospel that he did), but our body dies for sin, we have fulfilled the law. I suggest there are 2 ways to fulfill the law - keep it and live or break it and pay the consequence of death. Our bodies fulfill the law & die, but our spirit which is alive in Christ survives the death of the body. Once the body dies we are freed from the law, having fulfilled it.
Romans 7:1-4 (NASB) 1 Or do you not know, brethren (for I am speaking to those who know the law), that the law has jurisdiction over a person as long as he lives? 2 For the married woman is bound by law to her husband while he is living; but if her husband dies, she is released from the law concerning the husband. 3 So then, if while her husband is living she is joined to another man, she shall be called an adulteress; but if her husband dies, she is free from the law, so that she is not an adulteress though she is joined to another man. 4 Therefore, my brethren, you also were made to die to the Law through the body of Christ, so that you might be joined to another, to Him who was raised from the dead, in order that we might bear fruit for God.
So at the resurrection we get new, immortal bodies which can never again be subject to the law, sin, and death.