Alan Gross
Well-Known Member
There is much confusion in the thinking of people who call themselves Baptists, as well as God's people generally, world-wide, as to what Paul was talking about in the epistles, when he spoke of the church as the body of Christ.
There are numbers of reasons, which to me are unanswerable, for maintaining that in these epistles as well as elsewhere in the New Testament, Paul was talking about a local church, for example, the church at Ephesus, or the church at Corinth, not unlike Landmark Baptist churches today, if not some others.
First, the word ekklesia, which is translated church, as B. H. Carroll said has as its "essential ideas, organization and assembly." The only church that has both organization and assembly is a local church. Prof. Royal of Wake Forest College, when asked as to the meaning of ekklesia, said: "I do not know of any passage in classical Greek, where ekklesia is used of unassembled or unassembling persons."
Second, the Lord Jesus used the word ekklesia twenty-three times, three times in Matthew and twenty times in Revelation. In every instance Jesus used the word ekklesia to refer to a local church. Whenever He spoke of a larger group than the members of the local church, He always said churches.
Third, Joseph Cross (Episcopal) in his book, "Coals From the Altar" says: "We hear much of the invisible church as contra-distinguished from the church visible. Of an invisible church in this world I know nothing: the Word of God says nothing: nor can anything of the kind exist, except in the brain of a heretic. The church is a body: but what sort of a body is that which can neither be seen nor identified? A body is an organism, occupying space and having a definite locality. A mere aggregation is not a body: there must be organization as well.
A heap of heads, hands, feet and other members would not make a body: they must be united in a system, each in its proper place and pervaded by a common life. So a collection of stones, bricks, and timber would not be a house: the material must be built up together, in artistic order, adapted to utility. So a mass of roots, trunks and branches would not be a vine or a tree: the several parts must be developed according to the laws of nature from the same seed and nourished by the same sap."
So with the temple of Solomon. It was no temple until the stones were quarried from Lebanon, prepared, gathered into Jerusalem and put each in its own place in the building. Whether the church is referred to as a temple or a house or a body, in every instance these two essential ideas are there, namely, assembly and organization. It is not a body unless the members are assembled and organized. It is not a house unless the materials are assembled and organized. It is not a temple unless the stones and other material are assembled and organized. Peter had exactly the same idea in 1 Peter 2:5: "Ye also, as lively stones, are built up a spiritual house, an holy priesthood, to offer up spiritual sacrifices, acceptable to God by Jesus Christ."
Fourth, Hort in his book, "The Christian Ekklesia" confesses the necessity of finding some other than etymological, grammatical or historical grounds by which to prove the idea of a universal church. He admitted that the use of the word ekklesia was "always limited by Paul himself to a local organization, which has a corresponding unity of its own: each is a body of Christ and a sanctuary of God."
Look at his statement.
That "The Christian Ekklesia" ever refers to anything but a local church
1.) cannot be proved by history:
2.) it cannot be proved from the etymology of the word:
3.) and it cannot be proved by the grammatical construction of the Scriptures where used.
The only ground, Mr. Hort says, on which the use of the word
as referring to any thing but a local church can be defended at all, is on theological grounds.
That means you can not prove it from the Greek New Testament at all:
but you perhaps might read it into the New Testament from some book of theology.
Let us sum up a little.
The word church was used by the Master twenty three times and always meant a local church.
Mr. Hort of the Westcott-Hort New Testament admits that Paul never used it of anything but a local church.
Scholars testify that ekklesia was never used in classic Greek except of an assembled or assembling body.
The two essential ideas in the word ekklesia are assembly and organization.
Every illustration of a church in the New Testament such as temple or house or body, only makes nonsense if it is not assembled and organized.
The etymology of the word ekklesia makes it of necessity a local church.
The grammatical construction of the passages where used cannot be twisted to mean anything but a local church.
Both Hort and Harnack testify that historically the word ekklesia was never used of anything but a local church, until long after the close of the New Testament.
So Landmark Baptists are on safe ground, when they say that a "church", which is a "body" of Christ, is always a local church.
There are numbers of reasons, which to me are unanswerable, for maintaining that in these epistles as well as elsewhere in the New Testament, Paul was talking about a local church, for example, the church at Ephesus, or the church at Corinth, not unlike Landmark Baptist churches today, if not some others.
First, the word ekklesia, which is translated church, as B. H. Carroll said has as its "essential ideas, organization and assembly." The only church that has both organization and assembly is a local church. Prof. Royal of Wake Forest College, when asked as to the meaning of ekklesia, said: "I do not know of any passage in classical Greek, where ekklesia is used of unassembled or unassembling persons."
Second, the Lord Jesus used the word ekklesia twenty-three times, three times in Matthew and twenty times in Revelation. In every instance Jesus used the word ekklesia to refer to a local church. Whenever He spoke of a larger group than the members of the local church, He always said churches.
Third, Joseph Cross (Episcopal) in his book, "Coals From the Altar" says: "We hear much of the invisible church as contra-distinguished from the church visible. Of an invisible church in this world I know nothing: the Word of God says nothing: nor can anything of the kind exist, except in the brain of a heretic. The church is a body: but what sort of a body is that which can neither be seen nor identified? A body is an organism, occupying space and having a definite locality. A mere aggregation is not a body: there must be organization as well.
A heap of heads, hands, feet and other members would not make a body: they must be united in a system, each in its proper place and pervaded by a common life. So a collection of stones, bricks, and timber would not be a house: the material must be built up together, in artistic order, adapted to utility. So a mass of roots, trunks and branches would not be a vine or a tree: the several parts must be developed according to the laws of nature from the same seed and nourished by the same sap."
So with the temple of Solomon. It was no temple until the stones were quarried from Lebanon, prepared, gathered into Jerusalem and put each in its own place in the building. Whether the church is referred to as a temple or a house or a body, in every instance these two essential ideas are there, namely, assembly and organization. It is not a body unless the members are assembled and organized. It is not a house unless the materials are assembled and organized. It is not a temple unless the stones and other material are assembled and organized. Peter had exactly the same idea in 1 Peter 2:5: "Ye also, as lively stones, are built up a spiritual house, an holy priesthood, to offer up spiritual sacrifices, acceptable to God by Jesus Christ."
Fourth, Hort in his book, "The Christian Ekklesia" confesses the necessity of finding some other than etymological, grammatical or historical grounds by which to prove the idea of a universal church. He admitted that the use of the word ekklesia was "always limited by Paul himself to a local organization, which has a corresponding unity of its own: each is a body of Christ and a sanctuary of God."
Look at his statement.
That "The Christian Ekklesia" ever refers to anything but a local church
1.) cannot be proved by history:
2.) it cannot be proved from the etymology of the word:
3.) and it cannot be proved by the grammatical construction of the Scriptures where used.
The only ground, Mr. Hort says, on which the use of the word
as referring to any thing but a local church can be defended at all, is on theological grounds.
That means you can not prove it from the Greek New Testament at all:
but you perhaps might read it into the New Testament from some book of theology.
Let us sum up a little.
The word church was used by the Master twenty three times and always meant a local church.
Mr. Hort of the Westcott-Hort New Testament admits that Paul never used it of anything but a local church.
Scholars testify that ekklesia was never used in classic Greek except of an assembled or assembling body.
The two essential ideas in the word ekklesia are assembly and organization.
Every illustration of a church in the New Testament such as temple or house or body, only makes nonsense if it is not assembled and organized.
The etymology of the word ekklesia makes it of necessity a local church.
The grammatical construction of the passages where used cannot be twisted to mean anything but a local church.
Both Hort and Harnack testify that historically the word ekklesia was never used of anything but a local church, until long after the close of the New Testament.
So Landmark Baptists are on safe ground, when they say that a "church", which is a "body" of Christ, is always a local church.