Hebrew Word Study - "Kaphar" (Strong's H3722)

[Van]

Our Word, frequently translated as "atonement" needs to well understood if we are to understand the gospel of Christ.

The Hebrew word appears about 103 times in the Old Testament, so its meaning is confined to the Old Covenant, not the New Covenant.
That is why translating the Old Covenant word (kaphar) using the same English word as for the New Testament word (katallage G2644) creates confusion out of clarity! In Romans 5:11, "katallage) refers to receiving the reconciliation provided by Christ's sacrifice, whereas the Hebrew word "kaphar" never refers to receiving the reconciliation provided by Christ's sacrifice.

What did the animal sacrifice blood provide under the Old Covenant? A temporary "covering" of the consequence of sin, NOT the removal of that consequence. That is why the OT Saints had to wait in Abraham's bosom to be made perfect, with their sin burden removed, not just temporarily covered.

 

[Ben1445]

Did you mean G2643?

g2643. καταλλαγή katallagē; from 2644; exchange (figuratively, adjustment), i.e. restoration to (the divine) favor: — atonement, reconciliation(-ing).
AV (4) - reconciliation 2, atonement 1, reconciling 1;
exchangeof the business of money changers, exchanging equivalent values
adjustment of a difference, reconciliation, restoration to favourin the NT of the restoration of the favour of God to sinners that repent and put their trust in the expiatory death of Christ

g2644. καταλλάσσω katallassō; from 2596 and 236; to change mutually, i.e. (figuratively) to compound a difference: — reconcile.
AV (6) - reconcile 6;
to change, exchange, as coins for others of equivalent valueto reconcile (those who are at variance)return to favour with, be reconciled to oneto receive one into favour




May I also remind you that the new covenant is in the Old Testament?

And G2643 is a strong statement in the favor of PSA. (For those who are interested, just saying.)

 

[Anthony Pritchard]

May I also remind you that the new covenant is in the Old Testament?

Jeremiah 31?

 

[Ben1445]

Jeremiah 31?

Among others.

I might be taken to task for it and that is fine, but Jesus has always been the real answer in the new covenant and the old covenant did not supply salvation and never could.

So atonement has been taught as a covering since Adam and Eve received clothing. Obviously that wouldn’t be a permanent solution. As Paul says, the law is our schoolmaster to bring us to Christ. So the offerings for atonement were never considered permanent because they were offered yearly. But that doesn’t mean that the word cannot be used to describe the new covenant. It means that the temporary sacrifice could not apply in the new covenant.

I just find it unreasonable to say that a Greek word is unacceptable because the OT and the old covenant were written in Hebrew. I wouldn’t expect to find the Hebrew in the NT. It is mostly Greek.

But God always wanted His law in the hearts of men.

2 Corinthians 3:3
Forasmuch as ye are manifestly declared to be the epistle of Christ ministered by us, written not with ink, but with the Spirit of the living God; not in tables of stone, but in fleshy tables of the heart.

Deuteronomy 11:18
Therefore shall ye lay up these my words in your heart and in your soul, and bind them for a sign upon your hand, that they may be as frontlets between your eyes.

Proverbs 3:3
Let not mercy and truth forsake thee:
bind them about thy neck;
write them upon the table of thine heart:

Proverbs 7:3
Bind them upon thy fingers,
write them upon the table of thine heart.


Deuteronomy 6:8
And thou shalt bind them for a sign upon thine hand, and they shall be as frontlets between thine eyes.


The Law of God and His wisdom should be and was supposed to be in the hearts of men affecting everything that they desired, the way that they saw the world, and the way they did their business with their hands.

It was in the Old Covenant and it is in the New Covenant. The Old instruction was for men to write them in their hearts.

The New has God writing on our hearts. We have the in dwelling of the Holy Spirit. We have God teaching and writing His laws in our hearts.

 

[Ascetic X]

Isaiah 53 contains the gospel.

 

[Ben1445]

Sorry, i strayed a bit.