I think the key to preparing any budget is to keep you priorities in order. I believe that a church's financial priorities should be as follows:
1. Payment of all FT/PT staff (not just wages, but making sure all needed benefits are addressed as well)
2. Missions - how can we truly be the church if we are not willing to prioritize missions? Our church budgets about 20% of our budget for missions causes.
3. Outreach & Evangelism - Some tie this in with missions, but what I'm talking about here is local missions (door to door, block parties, servanthood evangelism projects, etc.)
4. Everyday necessities - utilities, insurance, maintenance, custodial costs, etc. The upkeep of God's house and the protection of its ministers/congregants must be a priority.
5. Other ministries of the church - AWANA's, Youth, Children's, Senior Adults, SS Literature, etc.
6. Fellowship Expenses - money for Homecoming, Church Picnics, etc.
I know that these are kind of broad categories, but the whole subject of church budgets is a big one! Not everyone agrees that salaries/benefits needs to come first, but I can promise you that a church that puts anything before the welfare of its leaders will not receive the manifold blessings of God. What's odd is that I've been in churches where the folks wanted to send high percentages of their budget to the Cooperative Program, while starving their Pastor or at least making him live on a poverty level income (which I did for the first two years of my ministry - even qualified for medicaid with a wife and 2 kids). It is hypocritical for a church to say "we are committed to missions" if they are not willing to adequately minister and provide for its leaders.
This year we had some important decisions to make when budget time came around. We had a full-time minister who was well underpaid, yet we were not making our current budget. Also, we were not doing near enough community missions. Thus, I led them to take money from wherever they needed to in order to increase my staff member's salary and to put some money in the budget for community missions. Unfortunately, we had to cut our gifts to the Cooperative Program by 2% and our gifts to the local association by 1% in order to accomplish that goal. Also, we had to go through our budget with a fine-tooth comb to cut out all the "fluff" that really didn't belong in their to begin with.
One such "fluff" item was a line item for what the church had historically called "Christmas Treats." Basically it was a little goody-bag that every member (about 125) received at Christmas time that served no purpose at all except to make our folks a little fatter. We cut the treats out, and as you can probably guess, several of our older folks got quite upset. One person even voiced his concern from the floor the evening we went to approve our '04-'05 budget. He asked why the treats were cut out. When he was told we could no longer afford them, he replied, "Well, how can we afford salary increases if we can't even afford Christmas treat bags?" I went home and said, "Honey, isn't it good to know that there are some folks in our church who would rather get Christmas treat bags than to give you and I a cost-of-living raise?" We shared a good laugh. I mention that just to point out that not everyone is where they should be when it comes to being good stewards of God's money - that is THE CHALLENGE of preparing a budget. Just be faithful to God and he will deal with the critics.