The CAC is a young communion, and I admit the polity is experimental; probably nothing like it exists or has existed before. I also can see how it could be rather messy, for the reasons you stated. So far, it has not been, but I can see how it could be.
I would say that the CAC is both a single church and an association. Our ministers affirm the Statement of Principles. They voluntarily join, but part of that is affirmation of the Principles. If at any time they find themselves in disagreement where there is not liberty of conscience allowed -- as in homosexual unions or ordinations -- they understand that they have voluntarily taken themselves out of the Communion. The same with congregations. Also, the CAC name is protected by a Service Mark, whereby if another group wanted to call themselves Celtic Anabaptist and practice apostate Christianity, they would have to come up with some variation on the denominational name. Is that authoritarian? Some would say so. But I am determined to protect traditional ethics; that's why these matters are not subject to vote, like the mainline Presbyterians and Episcopalians have done.
As for ordination of women, this is an area where the local congregation could decide. We ordain women; that's in our Principles, but we would not force a local congregation to do so. If they didn't believe in it, that's their business.
So, we believe in and practice liberty of conscience on most doctrinal matters, but not so much on moral and ethical matters. We have a communion-wide Statement of Principles with liberty in their use, except for traditional moral values which we will not compromise. We have some hierarchy, but in the Celtic-relational sense, not the Catholic. So, we combine an episcopal structure with a congregational structure with local church autonomy -- the best of the ancient Celtic church and Baptist/Anabaptist heritage.
Hope that makes at least
some sense.