Hebrews 6.4-6:
What is Hebrews 6:4-6 teaching about falling away?
Seems the 3 main ideas I have seen are:
- Those once enlightened, etc. are born again, and if they fall away they cannot be renewed to repentance (saved).
- Those once enlightened, etc. are born again, and the argument is a reductio ad absurdium -- a hypothetical argument against falling from grace from the absurdity of such a possibility.
- Those once enlightened, etc. are among the born again, but professors rather than possessers, and if they turn away from Christ are blinded, given up, etc., and cannot be saved.
Perhaps these are not the clearest explanations, but maybe you can make do! What does Hebrews 6:4-6 mean? Do you hold some variation of the above, or perhaps something else?
Perhaps the Jewish version of these verses will aid in understanding (though I would consider that you already actually know but are creating instruction in righteousness for those who may not know).
1Therefore, leaving behind the initial lessons about the Messiah, let us go on to maturity, not laying again the foundation of turning from works that lead to death, trusting God, 2and instruction about washings, s’mikhah, the resurrection of the dead and eternal punishment. 3And, God willing, this is what we will do.
4For when people have once been enlightened, tasted the heavenly gift, become sharers in the Ruach HaKodesh, 5and tasted the goodness of God’s Word and the powers of the ‘olam haba — 6and then have fallen away — it is impossible to renew them so that they turn from their sin, as long as for themselves they keep executing the Son of God on the stake all over again and keep holding him up to public contempt. 7For the land that soaks up frequent rains and then brings forth a crop useful to its owners receives a blessing from God; 8but if it keeps producing thorns and thistles, it fails the test and is close to being cursed; in the end, it will be burned. (CJB version)
I put the qualifier in bold so that it would not be missed.
Now, no doubt there are the stronger translations such as the CEV that would state:
4-6But what about people who turn away after they have already seen the light and have received the gift from heaven and have shared in the Holy Spirit? What about those who turn away after they have received the good message of God and the powers of the future world? There is no way to bring them back. What they are doing is the same as nailing the Son of God to a cross and insulting him in public!
Or the NASB (which is my personal preference) would state:
4For in the case of those who have once been enlightened and have tasted of the heavenly gift and have been made partakers of the Holy Spirit, 5and have tasted the good word of God and the powers of the age to come, 6and then have fallen away, it is impossible to renew them again to repentance, since they again crucify to themselves the Son of God and put Him to open shame.
So, how is this all resolved?
While one may place the selection upon either that the person was not really saved to begin with, or that the statement is a hypothetical demonstrating the absurdity of such an argument, neither the interpretation nor the passage supports a refutation of the OSAS view, and it most certainly does not present a problem to those who are old school Baptists (pre 1960's) who are perseverance or preservation of the saints thinking (which I am).
IF one was to state that the passage is about believers loosing salvation, then there is a violation of Romans 8, and such as the parable of the young man who refused to go to work in the field, then repented and worked. Such a conflict cannot take place in the Scriptures.
The passage is not about the ability of the "shallow ground" person that is sometime presented as initially responding to the gospel and then falls away. For that is never the presentation of the believer for the true believer does persevere and is preserved.
Therefore, my own view is simply a combination of the two standard views.
I take the passage as a presentation that certainly a believer has the capacity to "fall away" not from salvation but from mission and appointment of ministry as all believers are so appointed.
Perhaps one such as were exampled by the Corinthians who made an open mockery of the Lord's table and early died, or the presentation of one such as believer who has been so choked out by the thorns (cares) of this life that they are left as redeemed but have "sacrificed the permanent upon the altar of the immediate."
The passage does address a believer.
It is a believer who has so submitted to the world, falling under the control and thinking of the worldly that they eventually even bring ridicule and mock the precious Lord Jesus Christ.
They are as Peter warming his hands, swearing, as the typical fishermen most often do, that he never knew the Christ.
They are as Peter when asked by the Lord as to the level of his love could only respond that he was the Lord's friend.
They are as Peter when talking among the gentile believers in the assembly saw certain Jews come in and immediately separated himself from the Gentiles and was openly rebuked by Paul.
They are as Peter who tradition states initially ran from death, met an angel, and turned back again to face the fate of death.
Such a person never rises to be restored to that position that they were once appointed.
Quick illustration:
I know a former preacher of the gospel. He lead a double life. One hidden from the assembly and the other presenting as if he was the closest friend and companion of the Christ. Eventually, he chose to leave the ministry before he double life was discovered and proceeded to make a shameful shamble of his life.
Much later, he came to his senses, repentant and pleading God's mercy and grace.
He has been restored "to the faith" and if one were to hear him, see him, they would never know of that ruined life.
But he will never preach the gospel from the pulpit. For all the education and all the skill, he will never again be the pastor of a thriving congregation. Never again be able to look into the eyes of those he claims to love and not see the sorrow and pain he put in them.
He will never be "restored" to that place of fellowship, honor, and appointment though he crave it with great tears of regret. He knows it will never be his. There is "no way back" from the journey he took.
Hence the practical application of Hebrews 6.