How old is mankind, let's see if we can get a rough date.

How old is mankind, let's see if we can get a rough date.

There are several ways to correlate data, first we can use the scriptural ages, given from Genesis, in the genealogies, ages of kings, etc, and combine with known dates in history, such as the 7th year of Artaxerxes I Longimanus/Machrocheir, being in the Fall of 457 BC (by astronomical sources, Ptolemy's Canon, Elephantine Papyri, - Artaxerxes I of Persia - Wikipedia

And according to multiple sources:

VAT 5047 (No. -453 in ADT I), dated to year 11 of Artaxerxes I (454/453 BCE). - Chronology Persia

LBAT 1419 (No. 4 in ADT V), with one entry dated to year 21 of Xerxes (465/464 BCE). - Chronology Persia

LBAT 1387+1388+1486 (No. 56 in ADT V), mainly dated to the reign of Artaxerxes I. - Chronology Persia

Saros Tablets - LBART *1419; Accession of Artaxerxes I, pages 80-81, citing, J. N. Strassmaier in reports in ZA, VII [1892], 200, 201; VIII [1893], 106) - https://www.andrews.edu/library/car/cardigital/Periodicals/AUSS/1968-1/1968-1-05.pdf

The Chronology of Ezra 7 (1953), Siegfried H. Horn, Ph.D; Lynn H. Wood, Ph.D, page 28-30 (Conclusion) - http://www.friendsofsabbath.org/Fur...HE CHRONOLOGY OF EZRA 7 (Siegried H Horn).pdf

Elephantine Papyri - Siegfried H. Horn and Lynn H. Wood, "The Fifth-Century Jewish Calendar at Elephantine," JNES 13 (1954):14-16 - http://adamoh.org/TreeOfLife.wan.io...th_Century_Jewish_Calendar_at_Elephantine.pdf

Zondervan Illustrated Bible Dictionary, by J. D. Douglas, Merrill C. Tenney, section, "Nehemiah, book of", page 1008, par. 3 (Left-hand Column) - Zondervan Illustrated Bible Dictionary

Aramaic Ritual Texts from Persepolis, Volume 91, University of Chicago Press, 1970 pages 143-144 - Aramaic Ritual Texts from Persepolis

Ancient Israel: Its History and Meaning, by Heber Cyrus Snell, page 203 - Ancient Israel

Babylonian Chronology: 626 B.C. - A.D. 75, Part 75, by Richard A. Parker, & Waldo H. Dubberstein, page 32, Table for Artaxerxes I, 7th year, far right columns, for 1-3 months of reign (fall) - Babylonian Chronology

The Apocrypha of the Old Testament, Revised Standard version, by Bruce Manning Metzger (1965), Oxford University Press, page 16 - The Apocrypha of the Old Testament, Revised Standard version

An Epitome of General Ecclesiastical History: From the Earliest Period of Antiquity to the Present Time, by Rev. John Marsh A.M. (1828) & Adam Clarke; Chapter 6, page 75 - An Epitome of General Ecclesiastical History

We also know that John the Baptist began his ministry in AD 26 (which places Jesus ministry begun in AD 27):

“...to determining when the reign of Tiberius Caesar started.[38] The traditional approach is … that the reign of Tiberius started when he became co-regent in 11AD, placing the start of the ministry of John the Baptist around 26 AD. ...” - Wikipedia; "Baptism of Jesus" - Baptism of Jesus - Wikipedia

"...John the Baptist was born about 5 BC, and now about 26 A.D. about the age of 30 he appears in the wilderness of Judea. ..." Bible-History; John the Baptist - John the Baptist Appears - Story of The New Testament (Bible History Online)

And so we can look at the Biblical record, and get a date pretty close.

Luk 3:1 Now in the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar, Pontius Pilate being governor of Judaea, and Herod being tetrarch of Galilee, and his brother Philip tetrarch of Ituraea and of the region of Trachonitis, and Lysanias the tetrarch of Abilene,
Luk 3:2 Annas and Caiaphas being the high priests, the word of God came unto John the son of Zacharias in the wilderness.

...

Luk 3:23 And Jesus himself began to be about thirty years of age, being (as was supposed) the son of Joseph, which was the son of Heli,
Luk 3:24 Which was the son of Matthat, which was the son of Levi, which was the son of Melchi, which was the son of Janna, which was the son of Joseph,
Luk 3:25 Which was the son of Mattathias, which was the son of Amos, which was the son of Naum, which was the son of Esli, which was the son of Nagge,
Luk 3:26 Which was the son of Maath, which was the son of Mattathias, which was the son of Semei, which was the son of Joseph, which was the son of Juda,
Luk 3:27 Which was the son of Joanna, which was the son of Rhesa, which was the son of Zorobabel, which was the son of Salathiel, which was the son of Neri,
Luk 3:28 Which was the son of Melchi, which was the son of Addi, which was the son of Cosam, which was the son of Elmodam, which was the son of Er,
Luk 3:29 Which was the son of Jose, which was the son of Eliezer, which was the son of Jorim, which was the son of Matthat, which was the son of Levi,
Luk 3:30 Which was the son of Simeon, which was the son of Juda, which was the son of Joseph, which was the son of Jonan, which was the son of Eliakim,
Luk 3:31 Which was the son of Melea, which was the son of Menan, which was the son of Mattatha, which was the son of Nathan, which was the son of David,
Luk 3:32 Which was the son of Jesse, which was the son of Obed, which was the son of Booz, which was the son of Salmon, which was the son of Naasson,
Luk 3:33 Which was the son of Aminadab, which was the son of Aram, which was the son of Esrom, which was the son of Phares, which was the son of Juda,
Luk 3:34 Which was the son of Jacob, which was the son of Isaac, which was the son of Abraham, which was the son of Thara, which was the son of Nachor,
Luk 3:35 Which was the son of Saruch, which was the son of Ragau, which was the son of Phalec, which was the son of Heber, which was the son of Sala,
Luk 3:36 Which was the son of Cainan, which was the son of Arphaxad, which was the son of Sem, which was the son of Noe, which was the son of Lamech,
Luk 3:37 Which was the son of Mathusala, which was the son of Enoch, which was the son of Jared, which was the son of Maleleel, which was the son of Cainan,
Luk 3:38 Which was the son of Enos, which was the son of Seth, which was the son of Adam, which was the son of God.

Then, once we get a range for mankind, as near as possible, then we can simply add the previous days of Genesis 1 to the count, since:

Gen 5:5 And all the days that Adam lived were nine hundred and thirty years: and he died.

Which, "all the days that Adam lived" would include his time in the garden of Eden, as Adam was very much alive on the 6th day (Genesis 1:26-31; 2:7,15); Genesis 2, and from there, add the remaining days unto the beginning of the week (Genesis 1:31,23,19,13,8,5), on the 'one Day' or "first day". (Genesis 1:5; Exodus 20:8-11).

So, let's start with Adam, and start our counting, and at any point of confusion along the way, we study it out to the best we can.

 

Actually the 457 BC date, which when combined with Daniel's 9:25, "the going forth of the commandment", is found in Ezra 6:14 and Ezra 7, thus adding 483 years (69 weeks) to 457, we come to AD 27 for Jesus, being "anointed" ("Messiah"), in Luke 4, in fulfillment of Isaiah 61, and so it is indeed AD 26 (John Baptist), AD 27 (Jesus), as multiple sources now have been cited.

One of us is private interpretation, and one of us is scripturally and historically accurate.

 

I have to agree with scripture, and so we need to test Ussher by scripture. Let's start.

 

There is no "the LXX", there are multiple, all differing, from Origen's column (Hexapla), to Theodotian, Aquila, Symmachus, etc, and no such thing ever existed prior AD 100, and it was simply a corrupt greek, rewriting of what already existed, in otherwords a translation post canon.

Septuaginta [LXX's] as we presently know them, appears first in the writings of Origen [Hexapla] at near the end of the 2nd century AD, and the mention by the so-called "Letter of Aristeas", based on an unfounded and mostly discredited "legend", is seriously problematic.

"... Most of these fables focus on an infamous “book” 14 called the “Letter of Aristeas” 15 (hereafter called the Letter) and the alleged claims of the Letter’s documentation by authors who wrote before the first coming of our Lord Jesus Christ, and in the first few centuries following His first sojourn on earth. 16 The only extant Letter is dated from the eleventh century. In addition, there is no pre-Christian Greek translation of the He-brew Old Testament text, which the Letter alleges, that has been found, in-cluding the texts among the Dead Sea Scrolls. ..." - http://www.theoldpathspublications.com/Downloads/Free/The Septuagint ebook.pdf

"... the story of Aristeas appears comparatively rational. Yet it has long been recognized that much of it is unhistorical, in particular the professed date and nationality of the writer. Its claims to authenticity were demolished by Dr. Hody two centuries ago (De bibliorum textibus originalibus, Oxon., 1705) ..." - The Septuagint, by H. St. J. Thackeray

De bibliorum textibus originalibus - Humfredi Hodii linguae graecae professoris regii et Archidiaconi Oxon. De bibliorum textibus originalibus, versionibus graecis, & latina vulgata libri 4..

Other sources, identifying the same - The Septuagint

"... Roman Catholics use the idea that Christ quoted the Septuagint to justly include the Apocrypha in their Bibles. ... Since no Hebrew Old Testament ever included the books of the Apocrypha, the Septuagint is the only source the Catholics have for justifying their canon. Many Reformers and Lutherans wrote at great length refuting the validity of the Septuagint. ..." - http://www.wcbible.org/documents/septuagint.pdf

"... [Page 46] Proponents of the invisible LXX will try to claim that Origen didn't translate the Hebrew into Greek, but only copied the LXX into the second column of his Hexapla. Can this argument be correct? No. If it were, then that would mean that those astute 72 Jewish scholars added the Apocryphal books to their work before they were ever written. (!) Or else, Origen took the liberty to add these spurious writings to God's Holy Word (Rev. 22:18). ...

... Is there ANY Greek manuscript of the Old Testament written BEFORE the time of Christ? Yes. There is one minute scrap dated at 150 BC, the Ryland's Papyrus, #458. It contains Deuteronomy chapters 23-28. No more. No less. If fact, it may be the existence of this fragment that led Eucebius and Philo to assume that the entire Pentatuech had been translated by some scribe in an effort to interest Gentiles in the history of the Jews. ... [page 46]

... [Page 47] If there was an Aristeas, he was faced with two insurmountable problems.

First, how did he ever locate the twelve tribes in order to pick his six representative scholars from each. Having been thoroughly scattered by their many defeats and captivities, the tribal lines of the 12 tribes had long since dissolved into virtual non-existence. It was impossible for anyone to distinctly identify the 12 individual tribes.

Secondly, if the 12 tribes had been identified, they would not have undertaken such a translation for two compelling reasons.

(1) Every Jew knew that the official caretaker of Scripture was the tribe of Levi as evidenced in Deuteronomy 17:18, 31:25,26 and Malachi 2:7. Thus, NO Jew of any of the eleven other tribes would dare to join such a forbidden enterprise. ..." - The Answer Book, By Sam Gipp, Page 46-47, selected portions, emphasis [bold] in original.

1 Jones, The Septuagint: A Critical Analysis, op. cit., pp. 10–54. The reader should, in all fairness, be apprised of the fact that very nearly all references in the literature which allude to the Septuagint in fact pertain to Origen's 5th column. That is, the real LXX from all citation evidence as to N.T. references – indeed, for all practical purposes – the Septuagint that we actually "see" and "use" is found to actually be only two manuscripts, Vaticanus B and Sinaiticus a. This is especially true of Vaticanus. Although this fact is difficult to ferret out from among the vast amount of literature on the subject, it may be verified by numerous sources. Among them, the reader is directed to page 1259 in The New Bible Dictionary op. cit., (Texts-Versions) where D.W. Gooding admits this when he relates that the LXX of Jer.38:40 (Jer.31:40 in the MT) as shown in figure 214 has been taken from the Codex Sinaiticus. Thomas Hartwell Horne is even more direct in An Introduction to the Critical Study and Knowledge of the Holy Scriptures, 9th ed., Vol. II, (London, Eng.: Spottiswoode and Shaw, 1846), fn. 1. p. 282 and fn. 3 p. 288. It has been established that both were produced from Origen's 5th column. Thus, the Septuagint which we actually utilize in practical outworking, the LXX which is cited almost ninety percent of the time, is actually the LXX that was written more than 250 years after the completion of the New Testament canon – and by a "Catholicized Jehovah's Witness" at that! Moreover, it must be seen that the testimony of these two corrupted manuscripts is almost solely responsible for the errors being foisted upon the Holy Scriptures in both Testaments by modern critics! - Footnote 1, Which Version?, by Floyd Nolen Jones, 20th edition page 129 [PDF]

I also recommend Peter Ruckman's "Mythological LXX", which may be found here [1] or here [2].

I will also recommend David W Daniels, material, here [1]

As for the Geneaology of Luke, it is perfect (Psalms 12:6-7):

"... The simple fact is, the reading of Cainan in Luke 3:36 is not found in just one or two copies of Luke, but is the reading found in practically every known Greek manuscript in existence today. ...

... It is in the vast Majority of all Greek copies, including Sinaiticus, Vaticanus, Alexandrinus, as well as the ancient Syriac Peshitta, Harkelian, Coptic and Latin versions.

It is also the reading of the Latin Vulgate 425 A.D, Wycliffe 1395, Tyndale 1525, Coverdale 1535, the Geneva Bible, the NKJV, NASB, NIV, RSV, ESV, ISV, Holman Standard, and every English Bible version I have ever seen.
It is also in the Spanish Reina Valera, the Italian Diodati, the Portuguese Almeida, the French Martin and Ostervald and the Louis Second 2007 and Luther's German Bible. I know of no Bible version in any language that omits this name from the genealogy of Christ in Luke chapter three." - Luke 3:36 Cainan &LXX

We can point to another example of names in the NT which are not directly in the OT anywhere, but come through inspiration of the Holy Ghost, none the less, and from sources which today do not exist as they did then:

2 Timothy 3:8 - Now as Jannes and Jambres withstood Moses, so do these also resist the truth: men of corrupt minds, reprobate concerning the faith.

Furthermore, if one were to attempt to posit this as an intercalation or later emendation by later scribe, they would have to have more solid evidence that what is herein presented, and there is no such evidence to be had, and all who say otherwise, having nothing to show except an aetheral speculation on a whim. Some who posit that Luke borrowed from the so-called LXX, do not realize that the earliest extant mss do not contain it, but omit it [more than likely an attempt to cover what they do not understand about why Luke does have it], except in older extant copies in LXX Genesis 11:13, and in the so-called Jubilees 8:1-4, see - KAINAN - JewishEncyclopedia.com.

Now, please stop interrupting with non-sequitur material, that has nothing to do with OP. Let's get back to dating mankind beginning with Adam.

 

[1] Don't assume. [2] Secondarily, don't assume what you are about to assume, because I said the first. [3] All sources which are citable are cited, as far as needed in this barbaric forum. [4] Anything else is mine own. [5] Now, see first point. Remember be careful not to do it. You should ask the other if they cited me.

 

What I am saying (again this is off OP), and by cited evidence, is that there is no "the LXX". What are called 'editions' are nothing of the sort, but are simply private, or individual, translations of text into Greek (post finalization of NT Canon), by various persons (cited), none of which are wholly in agreement with the other and vary in differing places.

 

Adam (Genesis 1:26-31, 2:7,8,15-25) is the 'first man' (1 Corinthians 15:45,47; Luke 3:38), who was 'made' 'in the beginning' (Matthew 19:4; Mark 10:6), and he was made in the 6th day before the 7th Day (Mark 2:27). 'All the days that Adam lived were nine hundred and thirty years' (Genesis 5:5). We do not know the exact age when Adam had Cain and Abel, but we are given the age of Adam when he had Seth, being at 130 years old (Genesis 5:3) who came after Cain and Abel (Genesis 4:25).

Beginning with Adam, using AM (Anno Mundi; Latin for Year of the World):

0000 - 0000 - Adam (930) + 130 (Seth; Gen. 5:4; Luk 3:38) + 800 (died; Gen 5:4)
0000 - ???? - Cain (??? born) (??? died; Rom 6:3; Heb 9:27)
0000 - ???? - Abel (??? born) (??? died; Gen 4:8)
0000 - 0130 - Seth (912) (Gen 4:25; Luk 3:38) + 105 (Enos; Gen 5:5; Luk 3:38) + 807 (died; Gen 5:8)
0000 - ???? - wife of Cain, daughter of Adam/Eve (??? born; Gen 5:4) (??? died; Rom 6:3; Heb 9:27)
0130 - 0235 - Enos (905) (Gen 4:26; Luke 3:38) + 90 (Cainan; Gen 5:9; Luk 3:37) + 815 (died; Gen 5:11)
0235 - 0325 - Cainan (910) (Gen 5:9; Luk 3:37) + 70 (Mahalaleel; Gen 5:12; Luk 3:37) + 840 (died; Gen 5:14)
0325 - 0395 - Mahalaleel (895) (Gen 5:12; Luk 3:37) + 65 (Jared; Gen 5:15; Luk 3:37) + 830 (died; Gen 5:16)
0395 - 0460 - Jared (962) (Gen 5:15; Luk 3:37) + 162 (Enoch; Gen 55:18; Luk 3:37) + 800 (died; Gen 5:20)
0460 - 0622 - Enoch (365) (Gen 5:18; Luk 3:37) + 65 (Methuselah; Gen 5:21; Luke 3:37) + 300 (trans.; Gen. 5:24)
0622 - 0687 - Methuselah (969) (Gen 5:21; Luke 3:37) + 187 (Lamech; Gen 5:25; Luke 3:36) + 782 (died; Gen 5:27)
0687 - 0874 - Lamech (777) (Gen 5:25; Luke 3:36) + 182 (Noah; Gen 5:28,29; Luke 3:36) + 595 (died; Gen 5:31)
0874 - 1056 - Noah (950) (Gen 5:28,29; Luke 3:36) + 500 (Gen 5:32) + 100 (Gen 7:6,11) + 350 (died; Gen 9:28,29)
1056 - 1656 - Flood (600th year of Noah's life; 2nd month; 17th day; Gen 7:6,11)

1656 - 1657 – Flood (AM 1656, 2nd, 17th + 40 days/nights (Gen 7:12,17) + 150 days (Gen 7:24, 8:3) = Ark resting on Mts. Of Ararat (Gen 8:4; AM 1656, 7th, 17th) + water decreases 73-75 days (Gen 8:5; exclusive-inclusive; 30 day months; AM 1656, 10th, 1st) + 40 days, Noah opens window (Gen 8:6; AM 1656, 11th, 11th) + 35 days (calculated) waiting for Raven, sends Dove (Gen 8:7,8) + 7 days wait (Gen 8:10) + 7 more days wait (Gen 8:12) = 601st, 1st, 1st (Gen 8:13) wherein Noah removes covering, and waits + 56-57 days (exclusive-inclusive) until = 601st, 2nd, 27th = AM 1657 2nd, 27th (Gen 8:14-16) when Noah leaves the Ark.

Noah was 600 Years old when the Flood came, and he was 601 when he left the Ark. We have texts which shows that Noah had three sons (Gen 5:32, 6:10) sometime at and after the 500th year of his life, and before the 600th year of his life (when the flood came). Therefore, we have a 100 year time span in which Noah had Shem, Ham and Japheth.

Japheth is the oldest, as he is listed first in giving of the lineage (Gen 10:2-5), afterward came Ham (Gen 10:6-20) and finally Shem (Gen 10:21), and the other passages are given in reverse order. How old then was Noah when Shem was born, since that is through whom the genealogy continues in Luk 3:36?

Gen_11:10 These are the generations of Shem: Shem was an hundred years old, and begat Arphaxad two years after the flood:

This places the birth of Arphaxad, in the year 1656 + 1 year (flood; 370 ish days) + 2 (years after the flood) = AM 1659.

This places Shem at 100 in the year AM 1659.
This places Shem at 99 in the year AM 1658.
This places Shem at 98 in the year AM 1657 (end of the flood).
This places Shem at 97 in the year AM 1656 (year of the flood).
This places Shem at birth in the year AM 1559.
This would place Ham at birth in the year AM 1557/8 (501st - 502nd year of Noah).
This would place Japheth at birth in the year AM 1556 (500th year of Noah; 1056 + 500).

Do we agree thus far on the chronology? ± 1 a year?

 

Beginning with Noah:

0874 - 1056 - Noah (950) (Gen 5:28,29; Luk 3:36) + 500 (Gen 5:32) + 100 (Gen 7:6,11; +3, Shem; Gen 11:10, +97) + 350 (died; Gen 9:28,29)

1056 - 1559 - Shem (600) (Gen 5:32, 7:6,11, 11:10) + 100 (Arphaxad; Gen 11:10; Luk 3:36) + 500 (died; Gen 11:11)

1559 - 1659 - Arphaxad (438) (Gen 11:10; Luk 3:36) + 35 (Salah; Gen 11:12; Luk 3:35) + 403 (died; Gen 11:13)

???? - ???? - Cainan (Luk 3:35) (several possibilities, none of which are error, or scribal error, *)

* to be given as needed, and doesn't really affect this present study.

1659 - 1694 - Salah (433) (Gen 11:12; Luk 3:35) + 30 (Eber; Gen 11:14; Luk 3:35) + 403 (died; Gen 11:15)

1694 - 1724 - Eber (464) (Gen 11:14; Luk 3:35) + 34 (Peleg; Gen 11:16; Luk 3:35) + 430 (died; Gen 11:17)

1724 - 1758 - Peleg (239) (Gen 11:16; Luk 3:35) + 30 (Reu; Gen 11:18; Luk 3:35) + 209 (died; Gen 11:19)

1758 - 1788 - Reu (239) (Gen 11:18; Luk 3:35) + 32 (Serug; Gen 11:20; Luk 3:35) + 207 (died; Gen 11:21)

1788 - 1820 - Serug (230) (Gen 11:20; Luk 3:35) + 30 (Nahor; Gen 11:22; Luk 3:34) + 200 (died; Gen 11:23)

1820 - 1850 - Nahor (148) (Gen 11:22; Luk 3:34) + 29 (Terah; Gen 11:24; Luk 3:34) + 119 (died; Gen 11:25)

1850 - 1879 - Terah (205) (Gen 11:24; Luk 3:34) + 130 (Abram; Gen 11:32, 12:4; Acts 7:2-4) + 75 (died; Gen 11:32)

In the text of Genesis 11:26, we read:

Genesis 11:26 And Terah lived seventy years, and begat Abram, Nahor, and Haran.

This text, is like unto Genesis 11:10, in that it is not saying that Abraham was born in the 70th year of Terah, for we know this by comparing text with text in scripture. For instance:

Genesis 11:31And Terah took Abram his son, and Lot the son of Haran his son's son, and Sarai his daughter in law, his son Abram's wife; and they went forth with them from Ur of the Chaldees, to go into the land of Canaan; and they came unto Haran, and dwelt there.

Genesis 11:32 And the days of Terah were two hundred and five years: and Terah died in Haran.

Genesis 12:1 Now the LORD had said unto Abram, Get thee out of thy country, and from thy kindred, and from thy father's house, unto a land that I will shew thee:

Genesis 12:4 So Abram departed, as the LORD had spoken unto him; and Lot went with him: and Abram was seventy and five years old when he departed out of Haran.

This is repeated in Acts 7:

Acts 7:2 And he said, Men, brethren, and fathers, hearken; The God of glory appeared unto our father Abraham, when he was in Mesopotamia, before he dwelt in Charran,

Acts 7:3 And said unto him, Get thee out of thy country, and from thy kindred, and come into the land which I shall shew thee.

Acts 7:4 Then came he out of the land of the Chaldaeans, and dwelt in Charran: and from thence, when his father was dead, he removed him into this land, wherein ye now dwell.

Combining Genesis 11:32, with Genesis 12:4, with Acts 7:4, we come to understand that Abram was 75 years old when Terah died at 205. This would place the birth of Abram at 130th year of Terah. If we use a similar approach here, as that of Shem, Ham and Japheth, then it is likely that Haran was the firstborn, and first to die young (Gen 11:28), as it mentions no wives of his, and then the second would be Nahor, followed by Abram, who both take wives after the death of their elder brother Haran (Gen 11:29) in Ur of the Chaldees.

Do we agree thus far on the chronology? ± 1 a year?

 

Continuing with Terah & Abraham:

1850 - 1879 - Terah (205) (Gen 11:24; Luk 3:34) + 130 (Abram; Gen 11:32, 12:4; Luk 3:34; Acts 7:2-4) + 75 (died; Gen 11:32)

1879 - 2009 - Abram (175) (Gen 11:32, 12:4; Luk 3:34; Acts 7:2-4; leaves Haran at 75; AM 2084) + 86 (Ishmael; Gen 16:15-16; AM 2095) + 13 (circumcised at 99; Gen 17:1,24; AM 2108) + 1 year (journey + 9 months pregnancy of Sarah, Abraham is 100; Isaac; Gen 17:21, 18:10, 21:2-3,5; Luk 3:34; Acts 7:8; AM 2109) + 75 (died; Gen 25:7-8)

2009 - 2095 - Ishmael (137) (Gen 16:15-16) + 13 (circumcised; Gen 17:25; AM 2108) + 124 (died; Gen 25:17; AM 2232); Abram was 75 in leaving Haran (Gen 12:4), and Gen 16:3 says that he dwelt 10 years in the land of promise (Canaan), making him 85, when Sarai gave Hagar to Abram (Gen 16:3), and 9 months (pregnancy) later (round 1 year), making Abram 86 (Gen 16:16) at the birth of Ishmael, and Ishmael dying at AM 2232.

2009 - 2109 - Isaac (180) (Gen 17:21, 18:10, 21:2-3,5; Luk 3:34; Acts 7:8; Ishmael is now 14; Gen 17:25; AM 2108) + 8 days (circumcised; Gen 21:4; Acts 7:8) + 40 (Rebekah as wife; Gen 25:20; AM 2149) + 20 (birth of twins, Esau and Jacob; Isaac is 60; Gen 25:26; Acts 7:8; and Ishmael is 74; Gen 17:25; AM 2169) + 120 (died; Gen 35:28-29; AM 2289)

2109 - 2169 - Jacob (147) (Isaac is 60; Gen 25:26; Mat 1:2; Luk 3:34; Acts 7:8) (Jacob grows up, and lives as a 'plain man' 'dwelling in tens'; Gen 25:27' and there is a famine in the land; Gen 26:1, and Isaac then dwells in Gerar, “a long time”; Gen 26:8; and lives another “year” there, Gen 26:12, and afterward moves to the “valley of Gerar”; Gen 26:17; then moves to Rehoboth and Beersheba; Gen 26:23; and Esau is “forty” (40) years old at this time (making Isaac, 60 (40+20) + 40 = 100; AM 2209 (80 years left for Isaac)) and marries Judith and Bashemath, which makes Jacob, his twin, also 40 at that same time (AM 2209)) + X (and then the scripture says, “it came to pass, that when Isaac was old, and his eyes were dim, so that he could not see”; Gen 27:1; which is like unto Eli (98), in 1 Sam 4:15, but many years had passed, and Jacob then goes to Padanaram; Syria & Laban; Gen 28:5) + 30 days (abides with Laban; Gen 29:14) + 7 (Leah; Gen 29:27; 31:41) + 1 week (Gen 29:27-28) + 7 (Rachel, though she was given that night after the 1 week with Leah; Gen 29:18-21,28,30, 31:41; Hos 12:12; and Rachel was barren for 14 years in which many children were born to Jacob ((Leah) Reuben – Gen 29:32; (Leah) Simeon – Gen 29:33; (Leah) Levi – Gen 29:34; (Leah) – Judah – Gen 29:35; (Bilhah) – Dan - Gen 30:6; (Bilhah) – Naphtali – Gen 30:8; (Zilpah) – Gad – Gen 30:11; (Zilpah) – Asher – Gen 30:13; (Leah) – Issachar – Gen 30:18; (Leah) – Zebulun – Gen 30:20; (Leah) – Dinah (daughter) – Gen 30:21) and finally Joseph; at the end of Rachel's 7 years, making it 14 years total (10 boys and 1 girl, 11 total in 14 years) when Joseph is born; Gen 30:24; Acts 7:8; AM 2260; making Jacob 91 years old) + 6 (working for flocks; Gen 30:28; (flocks producing about every 5 months; Gen 30:39, 31:41) 20 years total working for Laban; Gen 31:38,41; AM 2266) + 11 (coat of many colours; Joseph is 17 years old; Gen 37:2-3) + 11 (years Joseph as a slave) + 2 (years of Joseph in Egypt, serving Potiphar; Gen 39:1 and keeper of the prison; Gen 39:21-22, before famine; Dreams of Pharaoh; Gen 41:1; Joseph is 30 when before Pharaoh; Gen 41:46) + 7 (plenty; Gen 41:29,53) + 2 (famine (5 left); Gen 41:30, 45:6; Jacob meets Pharaoh at age 130; Gen 47:9, 50:22; Exo 1:1; Jos 24:4; 1 Sam 12:8; Psa 105:23; this means that since Isaac was 60 when Esau/Jacob was born, Gen 25:26; Acts 7:8; AM 2169, and Esau/Jacob is now 130 (AM 2299), and Isaac only lived to 180; that Esau/Jacob buried their father 10 years earlier; Gen 35:28-29; AM 2289) + 5 (remaining famine; Gen 41:30, 45:6) + 12 (died; Gen 47:28, 49:33; Acts 7:15; AM 2316)

Death of Jacob (AM 2316; Jacob is 147) – 12 (AM 2304) – 5 (AM 2299; Jacob is 130) – 2 (AM 2297) – 7 (AM 2290) – 2 (AM 2288; Joseph is 30) – 11 (AM 2277; Joseph is 17) – 11 (AM 2266) – 6 (AM 2260; Joseph is born) = 56 years from 147 years total = 91 years of age when Joseph was born to Jacob.

2169 - 2260 - Joseph (110) (finally Joseph; at the end of Rachel's 7 years, making it 14 years total (10 boys and 1 girl, 11 total in 14 years) when Joseph is born; Gen 30:24; Acts 7:8; AM 2260; making Jacob 91 years old) + 17 (coat of many colours; Gen 37:2-3) + 11 (years as a slave) + 2 (years in Egypt, serving Potiphar; Gen 39:1 and keeper of the prison; Gen 39:21-22, before famine; Dreams of Pharaoh; Gen 41:1; Joseph is 30 when before Pharaoh; Gen 41:46) + 7 (plenty; Gen 41:29,53) + 2 (famine (5 left); Gen 41:30, 45:6; Jacob meets Pharaoh at age 130; Gen 47:9) + 5 (remaining famine; Gen 41:30, 45:6) + 66 (died; Gen 50:22,26; Exo 1:6; AM 2370)

Do we agree thus far on the chronology? ± 1 a year?

 

When Jacob meets Pharaoh, it is the year AM 2299, and this is the year that Jacob/Israel and his sons (the tribes of) went down into Egypt and 'sojourned' there.

Genesis 46:1 And Israel took his journey with all that he had, and came to Beersheba, and offered sacrifices unto the God of his father Isaac.

Genesis 46:2 And God spake unto Israel in the visions of the night, and said, Jacob, Jacob. And he said, Here am I.

Genesis 46:3 And he said, I am God, the God of thy father: fear not to go down into Egypt; for I will there make of thee a great nation:

Genesis 46:4 I will go down with thee into Egypt; and I will also surely bring thee up again: and Joseph shall put his hand upon thine eyes.

Genesis 46:5 And Jacob rose up from Beersheba: and the sons of Israel carried Jacob their father, and their little ones, and their wives, in the wagons which Pharaoh had sent to carry him.

Genesis 46:6 And they took their cattle, and their goods, which they had gotten in the land of Canaan, and came into Egypt, Jacob, and all his seed with him:

Genesis 46:7 His sons, and his sons' sons with him, his daughters, and his sons' daughters, and all his seed brought he with him into Egypt.

Genesis 46:26 All the souls that came with Jacob into Egypt, which came out of his loins, besides Jacob's sons' wives, all the souls were threescore and six;

Genesis 46:27 And the sons of Joseph, which were born him in Egypt, were two souls: all the souls of the house of Jacob, which came into Egypt, were threescore and ten.

Genesis 47:1 Then Joseph came and told Pharaoh, and said, My father and my brethren, and their flocks, and their herds, and all that they have, are come out of the land of Canaan; and, behold, they are in the land of Goshen.

Genesis 47:2 And he took some of his brethren, even five men, and presented them unto Pharaoh.

Genesis 47:3 And Pharaoh said unto his brethren, What is your occupation? And they said unto Pharaoh, Thy servants are shepherds, both we, and also our fathers.

Genesis 47:4 They said moreover unto Pharaoh, For to sojourn in the land are we come; for thy servants have no pasture for their flocks; for the famine is sore in the land of Canaan: now therefore, we pray thee, let thy servants dwell in the land of Goshen.

Genesis 47:5 And Pharaoh spake unto Joseph, saying, Thy father and thy brethren are come unto thee:

Genesis 47:6 The land of Egypt is before thee; in the best of the land make thy father and brethren to dwell; in the land of Goshen let them dwell: and if thou knowest any men of activity among them, then make them rulers over my cattle.

Genesis 47:7 And Joseph brought in Jacob his father, and set him before Pharaoh: and Jacob blessed Pharaoh.

Genesis 47:8 And Pharaoh said unto Jacob, How old art thou?

Genesis 47:9 And Jacob said unto Pharaoh, The days of the years of my pilgrimage are an hundred and thirty years: few and evil have the days of the years of my life been, and have not attained unto the days of the years of the life of my fathers in the days of their pilgrimage.

Genesis 47:10 And Jacob blessed Pharaoh, and went out from before Pharaoh.

Genesis 47:11 And Joseph placed his father and his brethren, and gave them a possession in the land of Egypt, in the best of the land, in the land of Rameses, as Pharaoh had commanded.

Genesis 47:12 And Joseph nourished his father, and his brethren, and all his father's household, with bread, according to their families.

Genesis 47:29 And Israel dwelt in the land of Egypt, in the country of Goshen; and they had possessions therein, and grew, and multiplied exceedingly.

Genesis 50:22 And Joseph dwelt in Egypt, he, and his father's house: and Joseph lived an hundred and ten years.

Now let's see what other information we can glean, since the ages of persons basically ceases with Joseph:

Exodus 12:40 Now the sojourning of the children of Israel, who dwelt in Egypt, was four hundred and thirty years.

Exodus 12:41 And it came to pass at the end of the four hundred and thirty years, even the selfsame day it came to pass, that all the hosts of the LORD went out from the land of Egypt.

We have further confirmation of the 400+ year time span (400 years of being entreated evil, and the first 30 of being treated with kindness because of Joseph), as God had foretold this to Abraham:

Genesis 15:13 And he said unto Abram, Know of a surety that thy seed shall be a stranger in a land that is not theirs, and shall serve them; and they shall afflict them four hundred years;

Genesis 15:14 And also that nation, whom they shall serve, will I judge: and afterward shall they come out with great substance.

Acts 7:6 And God spake on this wise, That his seed should sojourn in a strange land; and that they should bring them into bondage, and entreat them evil four hundred years.

Acts 7:6 And the nation to whom they shall be in bondage will I judge, said God: and after that shall they come forth, and serve me in this place.

Galatians 3:17 And this I say, that the covenant, that was confirmed before of God in Christ, the law, which was four hundred and thirty years after, cannot disannul, that it should make the promise of none effect.

Genesis 47:4 proves that the famine in the land of Canaan was already in its second year (Genesis 41:30, 45:6; at which time Jacob was 130 years of age; Genesis 47:9; AM 2299), and Genesis 46:4 shows that it was God who commanded Jacob/Israel to go into Egypt, and that God would be with Him entering in, and leaving (with his children), for a promise of the future was given to Abraham, that the Egyptians would “afflict them” (Genesis 15:13), and “entreat them evil four hundred years” (Acts 7:6). Yet we know that Jacob/Israel and his children were not entreated evil or afflicted at the first (30 years), but received welcome into Egypt on behalf of Joseph by command of Pharaoh (Genesis 47:6,11,29, 50:22). It was only after the famine of 7 years was over (Genesis 41:30, 45:6; AM 2304), and after Jacob/Israel died (17 years later from speaking to Pharaoh, at the age of 147; Genesis 47:28, 49:33; Acts 7:15; AM 2316) and a few more years (AM 2329), that a change slowly began to take place, and all the moreso when Joseph himself died (Genesis 50:22,26; Exodus 1:6; AM 2370) and a new Pharaoh arose (Exodus 1:8-14). A slow transition had taken place, and didn't all take place in a day.

Therefore, if we take the date at which Jacob/Israel stood before Pharaoh (at age 130; Gen 47:9; AM 2299) and was invited into the land of Egypt, along with all his household, we can simply add the 430 years (Exodus 12:40-41; Galatians 3:17) to that date. AM 2299 + 430 = AM 2729, for the coming out of Egypt, “even the selfsame day” (Exodus 12:41).

Do we agree thus far on the chronology? ± 1 a year?

 

From the time that Israel (the peoples) left from out of Egypt (AM 2729) unto the building of Solomon's Temple is 480 more years, AM 3209:

1 Kings 16:1 And it came to pass in the four hundred and eightieth year after the children of Israel were come out of the land of Egypt, in the fourth year of Solomon's reign over Israel, in the month Zif, which is the second month, that he began to build the house of the LORD.

Side note on Aaron:

???? - 2646 - Aaron (123) (died; Numbers 33:38-39; AM 2769)

Since Aaron was 123 years old in the 40th year (AM 2769) after leaving Egypt (AM 2729), we subtract 123 from AM 2769, to come to AM 2646 for his birth, and add 83 years to come to his (and Moses') speaking with Pharaoh (AM 2729) right before they left Egypt.

Aaron lives in Egypt for 43 years. Speaks to Pharaoh at 83 (when Moses returns at 80, having lived in Egypt for 40 years, and apart from Egypt for 40 years), and leaves Egypt at 83 (Moses at 80), and wanders 40 years in the wilderness dying at 123 (Moses 120).

We do not know the age of Amram when siring Aaron, but we do know that Amram lived to be 137 years old (Exo 6:20), and that Aaron was older than Moses by 3 years (Num 33:38-39; Deut 34:7). Kohath, father of Amram, lived 133 years (Exo 6:18), and Levi, father of Kohath, lived 137 years (Exo 6:16).

Exodus 7:7 And Moses was fourscore years old, and Aaron fourscore and three years old, when they spake unto Pharaoh.

Numbers 33:38 And Aaron the priest went up into mount Hor at the commandment of the LORD, and died there, in the fortieth year after the children of Israel were come out of the land of Egypt, in the first day of the fifth month.

Numbers 33:39 And Aaron was an hundred and twenty and three years old when he died in mount Hor.

Side note on Moses:

???? - 2649 - Moses (120) (died; Deut 345-7; AM 2769)

Moses leaves at 40 years of age. Returns to Pharaoh at 80, and leaves Egypt at 80, and wanders 40 years in the wilderness dying at 120. We know that Moses was 3 years younger, or was born 3 years after, Aaron (Exo 7:7; Num 33:38-39; Deut 34:5-7).

We do not know the age of Amram when siring Moses (except to say that it was Aaron + 3), but we do know that Amram lived to be 137 years old (Exo 6:20), and that Aaron was older than Moses by 3 years (Num 33:38-39; Deut 34:7). Kohath, father of Amram, lived 133 years (Exo 6:18), and Levi, father of Kohath, lived 137 years (Exo 6:16).

Exodus 7:7 And Moses was fourscore years old, and Aaron fourscore and three years old, when they spake unto Pharaoh.

Deuteronomy 34:5 So Moses the servant of the LORD died there in the land of Moab, according to the word of the LORD.

Deuteronomy 34:6 And he buried him in a valley in the land of Moab, over against Bethpeor: but no man knoweth of his sepulchre unto this day.

Deuteronomy 34:7 And Moses was an hundred and twenty years old when he died: his eye was not dim, nor his natural force abated.

Do we agree thus far on the chronology? ± 1 a year?

 

The building of Solomon's Temple began in the 4th year of the reign of Solomon (AM 3209), placing Solomon's starting reign at (AM 3205), and from there we work backwards to get the reigns of King David, and King Saul. These are not necessary to the calculation of the age of mankind, but I thought it worth the time to backtrack, to get these important figure into the chronology.

Side note on Saul:

1 Samuel 10:1 Then Samuel took a vial of oil, and poured it upon his head, and kissed him, and said, Is it not because the LORD hath anointed thee to be captain over his inheritance?

1 Samuel 10:24 And Samuel said to all the people, See ye him whom the LORD hath chosen, that there is none like him among all the people? And all the people shouted, and said, God save the king.

1 Samuel 11:14 Then said Samuel to the people, Come, and let us go to Gilgal, and renew the kingdom there.

1 Samuel 11:15 And all the people went to Gilgal; and there they made Saul king before the LORD in Gilgal; and there they sacrificed sacrifices of peace offerings before the LORD; and there Saul and all the men of Israel rejoiced greatly.

1 Samuel 12:1 And Samuel said unto all Israel, Behold, I have hearkened unto your voice in all that ye said unto me, and have made a king over you.

1 Samuel 13:1 Saul reigned one year; and when he had reigned two years over Israel,

Acts 13:21 And afterward they desired a king: and God gave unto them Saul the son of Cis, a man of the tribe of Benjamin, by the space of forty years.

AM 3125 - Saul reigned - AM 3165 (Ishbosheth, Saul's son, was 40 years old, and co-reigned, in a sense (Israel followed Ishbosheth, but Judah followed) with David, 2 Sam 2:10, for 2 years, and then died, so we do not add 2 years between King Saul and King David, but they are included in King David's reign, which become retroactively applied later to the counting of David's reign over Israel.)

Side note on David:

2 Samuel 2:11 And the time that David was king in Hebron over the house of Judah was seven years and six months.

2 Samuel 5:4 David was thirty years old when he began to reign, and he reigned forty years.

1 Kings 2:11 And the days that David reigned over Israel were forty years: seven years reigned he in Hebron, and thirty and three years reigned he in Jerusalem.

1 Chronicles 29:26 Thus David the son of Jesse reigned over all Israel.

1 Chronicles 29:27 And the time that he reigned over Israel was forty years; seven years reigned he in Hebron, and thirty and three years reigned he in Jerusalem.

David was 30 years old (AM 3165) when he began to reign, and he reigned 40 years, making him 70 years old when he died (AM 3205), and working backwards from Solomon's 4th year of reign when he began to build the Temple (AM 3209), which was 480 years from the coming out of Egypt (AM 2729). We do not know how old Jesse was, when David was born, but we do know that David was the youngest (1 Sam 17:14).

???? - 3135 - David (70) (2 Sam 5:4; 1 Ki 2:11) (died; AM 3205)

AM 3165 - David's reign - AM 3205

Do we agree thus far on the chronology? ± 1 a year?

 

Now we can look at the time of the building of the Temple to the Captivity, beginning with Solomon:

1 Kings 6:1 And it came to pass in the four hundred and eightieth year after the children of Israel were come out of the land of Egypt, in the fourth year of Solomon's reign over Israel, in the month Zif, which is the second month, that he began to build the house of the LORD.

Thus we begin Solomon's 4th year in AM 3209. Solomon reigned for 40 years in Israel, thus we would add 36 years; AM 3245:

AM 3205 - Solomon's reign - AM 3245

1 Kings 11:42 And the time that Solomon reigned in Jerusalem over all Israel was forty years.

1 Kings 11:43 And Solomon slept with his fathers, and was buried in the city of David his father: and Rehoboam his son reigned in his stead.

1 Chronicles 29:28 And he died in a good old age, full of days, riches, and honour: and Solomon his son reigned in his stead.

2 Chronicles 9:30 And Solomon reigned in Jerusalem over all Israel forty years.

2 Chronicles 9:31 And Solomon slept with his fathers, and he was buried in the city of David his father: and Rehoboam his son reigned in his stead.

Rehoboam; reigned 17 years (Rehoboam was 41 years old when he began to reign; and was therefore born 1 year after (AM 3206) Solomon began to reign (AM 3205), for Solomon reigned 40 years (1 Ki 11:42-43; 2 Chr 9:30-31 ; AM 3245)), and so come to AM 3262.

AM 3245 - Rehoboam's reign - AM 3262

1 Kings 11:43 And Solomon slept with his fathers, and was buried in the city of David his father: and Rehoboam his son reigned in his stead.

1 Kings 14:21 And Rehoboam the son of Solomon reigned in Judah. Rehoboam was forty and one years old when he began to reign, and he reigned seventeen years in Jerusalem, the city which the LORD did choose out of all the tribes of Israel, to put his name there. And his mother's name was Naamah an Ammonitess.

2 Chronicles 12:13 So king Rehoboam strengthened himself in Jerusalem, and reigned: for Rehoboam was one and forty years old when he began to reign, and he reigned seventeen years in Jerusalem, the city which the LORD had chosen out of all the tribes of Israel, to put his name there. And his mother's name was Naamah an Ammonitess.

Abijah; reigned 3 years (2 Chr 13:2)

AM 3262 - Abijah's reign - AM 3265

1 Kings 14:31 And Rehoboam slept with his fathers, and was buried with his fathers in the city of David. And his mother's name was Naamah an Ammonitess. And Abijam his son reigned in his stead.

2 Chronicles 12:16 And Rehoboam slept with his fathers, and was buried in the city of David: and Abijah his son reigned in his stead.

2 Chronicles 13:2 He reigned three years in Jerusalem. His mother's name also was Michaiah the daughter of Uriel of Gibeah. And there was war between Abijah and Jeroboam.

Asa; reigned 41 years (2 Chr 16:13)

AM 3265 - Asa reigned - AM 3306

1 Kings 15:8 And Abijam slept with his fathers; and they buried him in the city of David: and Asa his son reigned in his stead.

2 Chronicles 14:1 So Abijah slept with his fathers, and they buried him in the city of David: and Asa his son reigned in his stead. In his days the land was quiet ten years.

2 Chronicles 16:13 And Asa slept with his fathers, and died in the one and fortieth year of his reign.

Jehoshaphat; reigned 25 years (1 Ki 22:42; 2 Chr 20:31)

AM 3306 - Jehoshaphat reigned - AM 3331

1 Kings 15:24 And Asa slept with his fathers, and was buried with his fathers in the city of David his father: and Jehoshaphat his son reigned in his stead.

1 Kings 22:42 Jehoshaphat was thirty and five years old when he began to reign; and he reigned twenty and five years in Jerusalem. And his mother's name was Azubah the daughter of Shilhi.

2 Chronicles 17:1 And Jehoshaphat his son reigned in his stead, and strengthened himself against Israel.

2 Chronicles 20:31 And Jehoshaphat reigned over Judah: he was thirty and five years old when he began to reign, and he reigned twenty and five years in Jerusalem. And his mother's name was Azubah the daughter of Shilhi.

Jehoram; reigned 8 years (2 Ki 8:16-17; 2 Chr 21:5)

AM 3331 - Jehoram reigned - AM 3339

1 Kings 22:50 And Jehoshaphat slept with his fathers, and was buried with his fathers in the city of David his father: and Jehoram his son reigned in his stead.

2 Kings 8:16 And in the fifth year of Joram the son of Ahab king of Israel, Jehoshaphat being then king of Judah, Jehoram the son of Jehoshaphat king of Judah began to reign.

2 Kings 8:17 Thirty and two years old was he when he began to reign; and he reigned eight years in Jerusalem.

2 Chronicles 21:1 Now Jehoshaphat slept with his fathers, and was buried with his fathers in the city of David. And Jehoram his son reigned in his stead.

2 Chronicles 21:5 Jehoram was thirty and two years old when he began to reign, and he reigned eight years in Jerusalem.

Ahaziah; reigned 1 year (2 Ki 8:26; 2 Chr 22:2)

AM 3339 - Ahaziah reigned - AM 3340

2 Kings 8:24 And Joram slept with his fathers, and was buried with his fathers in the city of David: and Ahaziah his son reigned in his stead.

2 Kings 8:25 In the twelfth year of Joram the son of Ahab king of Israel did Ahaziah the son of Jehoram king of Judah begin to reign.

2 Kings 8:26 Two and twenty years old was Ahaziah when he began to reign; and he reigned one year in Jerusalem. And his mother's name was Athaliah, the daughter of Omri king of Israel.

2 Chronicles 22:1 And the inhabitants of Jerusalem made Ahaziah his youngest son king in his stead: for the band of men that came with the Arabians to the camp had slain all the eldest. So Ahaziah the son of Jehoram king of Judah reigned.

2 Chronicles 22:2 Forty and two years old was Ahaziah when he began to reign, and he reigned one year in Jerusalem. His mother's name also was Athaliah the daughter of Omri.

Do we agree thus far on the chronology? ± 1 a year?