Yes Lucifer did have free will. All the angels did. Would God have needed to make a Lucifer 2.0, NO.
God being omniscient foreknew all that would happen. If Lucifer had chosen not to rebel then that is what God would have known would happen. But as we know Lucifer and a third of the angels did choose to rebel and as they say the rest is history.
Yes Adam & Eve did have a free will. Could they have chosen differently, of course as that is what free will means. But they chose to believe the lie and here we are living in a world that has both love and hate. Free will is a gift of God and as it turns out it is either the best or worst gift a person can have.
Because if man did not have a free will with which to choose to worship or to reject God then could you say it was real worship?
If man had only one option, worship God, then it would be no different than having a robot say I worship God.
We see in Deu 6:5 "You shall love the LORD your God with all your heart, with all your soul, and with all your strength." Those words presuppose a genuine free will decision on the persons part.
So the options are create a world such as we see or one where every thought and action has been predetermined.
I'm saying that if God knows something with certainty from eternity, it cannot happen otherwise. Not because of coercion, but because of the logical structure of infallible knowledge. If something could turn out differently, then God's foreknowledge would be wrong, and an omniscient God cannot be wrong. Therefore, whatever God knows will happen, and must happen. The future is fixed. Not open, not flexible, not contingent on human choices. Fixed.
This distinction matters more than it might seem. There's a difference between saying the future is fixed - locked in place by the logical structure of infallible knowledge - and saying God determined it - actively willed and authored every outcome. The first is logical determinism. The second is theological determinism. I'm claiming both, and the bridge between them is this: God didn't just know what would happen. He chose to create a world He knew would unfold this way, when He could have created a different world, or no world at all. His creative act was a selection among possibilities, and He selected the one He knew would produce Lucifer, the Fall, 170 billion souls, and eternal torment for most of them. Foreknowledge makes the future unchangeable. The creative choice makes God responsible for the future He foreknew. He didn't just see the movie; He greenlit the production.
There are many ways to test this, but I'll pick the book of Revelation. What is the book of Revelation all about? What's going to happen. Not what might happen, or could happen if we don't change our ways. Revelation is all about what's going to happen. No matter what transpires between Genesis 1:1 and whenever Revelation kicks off, Revelation will happen. It is fixed. It's set in stone because that is the way God planned it, and God does not plan that which does not happen.
I didn't ask to be born. I didn't choose to enter a world already steeped in sin. And according to traditional Christian doctrine, I arrived already marked, not for anything I did, but because of what Adam and Eve did. This is the doctrine of original sin, and it raises a staggering moral and fairness question. I'm condemned before I've taken a single breath, for a decision made thousands, perhaps billions of years before I existed, by two people who were themselves set up to fail by a God who knew they would.
The book of Revelation is not presented as a warning or a possibility tree. It's presented as what will happen. John isn't told, "here's what might occur if things continue." He's shown what must take place. The very structure of apocalyptic literature in the Biblical tradition is one of certainty, not contingency. "Write therefore what you have seen, what is now, and what will take place later."
God, from eternity, knew every detail of everything that would ever happen. His knowledge is infallible. It cannot be wrong. Therefore, everything that happens is fixed and cannot happen otherwise. Therefore, there is no genuine free will in any meaningful sense. True free will would be the ability to do something that a God without limitations didn't anticipate. If there is no genuine free will, then every sin ever committed, every damnation ever rendered, and every moment of suffering ever experienced was not merely permitted by God, it was determined by the very structure of His foreknowledge and creative act. The buck stops, and stays, with Him.
Thank you for your time and patience.