Jarthur001
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Using Covetousness as an Example
Paul takes the last of the Ten Commandments (see Romans 13:9) "You shall not covet," and uses it as his illustration. Why this one? I think the reason is that it is the clearest commandment dealing with the desires of our heart, as opposed to external behavior. The other commandments assume desires behind them – "you shall not steal" (the desire for something that's not yours); "you shall not commit adultery" (the desire for illicit sex); "you shall not murder" (the desire for revenge or money or the like), and so on. But "you shall not covet" is the clearest command relating directly to the desires of our heart.
The word "covet" in verse 7 (epithumēseis) means simply "desire" – it can be desires we should have (Hebrews 6:11) or desires we should not have. Covetousness is desire that we should not have – desire that shows we have lost our contentment in all that God is for us in Christ. Many desires reflect how valuable God is for us. And those are good. But some desires show that we have lost our satisfaction in God and what he is for us, and are yearning for other things to make up for the fact that God is not the treasure for us that he ought to be.
Now Paul says, "I would not have known coveting if the Law had not said, "you shall not covet." And thus I wouldn't know my sinful condition that produced this coveting if the law had not said, "You shall not covet."
Now why is that? Does he mean that I am not coveting before I hear the law say, "You shall not covet"? No. You might think that from the words at the end of verse 8: "apart from the Law sin is dead." But we know from all of chapter 6 and things he said in chapter 2 and 5 that Paul does not mean there is no sin and no coveting before we hear the command not to covet (see Romans 5:13). I think what he means when he says, "apart from the Law sin is dead," is that sin is imperceptible as sin, before the law calls it sin by prohibiting it. It's there. It works. We experience it. But we don't see it as sin. It's dead in our minds as sin. We don't see our sinful condition. We don't see our desires as illegitimate – unless a law has come in to call us into question. So it's all dead to us as sin.
So how does the law help us know our covetousness and our sinful condition? It does something very profound.
It tells us that our own desires are not the measure of right and wrong. Our own desires are not the measure of what is good and bad. Our own desires are not the measure of what is true and false. The law comes in and says, there is a standard outside us and above us, namely God and his revealed will. God is the measure of right and wrong. God is the measure of what is good and bad. God is the measure of what is true and false.
God, not Our Desire, Is the Measure of Right and Wrong
That's what the law does. It tells us this. It contradicts the sovereignty, the deity, of my desires. Until the law comes, our desires are our law. We come into the world assuming that we ought to get what we want to have. Until the law comes, "want to" equals "ought to" – "desire" equals "deserve." This is very obvious in children, and they must learn that there is another law besides the law of their own desire.
This is what God's law does: it exposes the sinful condition beneath all our desires for what it is. It is independence from God, rebellion against God. At root, our sinful condition is the commitment to be our own god: I will be god to me. Or I will make sure the god I have is the kind of god who never vetoes my legislation. That is, I will be the final authority in my life. I will decide what is right and wrong for me, and what is good and bad for me, and what is true and false for me. And my desires will express my sovereignty, my autonomy, and – though we don't usually say it – my deity.
We need to know this about ourselves. I'm not picking on anybody here. Or any group of people. I am saying this is what it means to be fallen human beings. This is what we are dealing with in ourselves and in the world. This is why the church is the way it is and why the world is the way it is.
And our only hope is that the Holy Spirit of God would humble us, so that we can see the folly of trying to be our own god and treating our own desires as law: "If I want it I ought to have it." This is what we have to be delivered from. This is why we need a Great Physician. This is why Jesus came to Jerusalem on Palm Sunday. This is why he died in our place and rose again and sends the Holy Spirit into the world and offers us forgiveness for rebellion, and justifies by faith in Jesus Christ.
'Tis so sweet to trust in Jesus,
And to take Him at His Word;
Just to rest upon His promise,
And to know, "Thus says the Lord!"
Jesus, Jesus, how I trust Him!
How I've proved Him o'er and o'er
Jesus, Jesus, precious Jesus!
O for grace to trust Him more!