Christians are the true Jews:
No they are not. The nation of Israel still exists. Paul was not deluded when he prayed for the nation of Israel.
Romans 10:1 Brethren, my heart's desire and prayer to God for Israel is, that they might be saved.
- For a person is not a Jew who is one outwardly, and true circumcision is not something visible in the flesh. On the contrary, a person is a Jew who is one inwardly, and circumcision is of the heart -- by the Spirit, not the letter. That man's praise is not from men but from God.
This is scripture is taken out of context.
Consider first the context of Romans in general:
Chapter one: God's condemnation of the Gentile.
Chapter two: God's condemnation of the Jew.
Chapter three: God's condemnation of both Jew and Gentile.
In chapter two he specifically addresses the Jew. It has nothing to do with the Gentile. Some Scripture:
Romans 2:17 Behold, thou art called a Jew, and restest in the law, and makest thy boast of God,
Romans 2:24 For the name of God is blasphemed among the Gentiles through you, as it is written.
--The you is the "Jews" mentioned in verse 17.
So finally we come to the end of the chapter where the Jew is still being addressed:
Romans 2:27 And shall not uncircumcision which is by nature, if it fulfil the law, judge thee, who by the letter and circumcision dost transgress the law?
Romans 2:28 For he is not a Jew, which is one outwardly; neither
is that circumcision, which is outward in the flesh:
Romans 2:29 But he
is a Jew, which is one inwardly; and circumcision
is that of the heart, in the spirit,
and not in the letter; whose praise
is not of men, but of God.
There is not Gentile here, no Gentile believer. Verses 28 and 29 are the conclusion to this section where Paul has been addressing the Jews. A genuine Jew is not one who is one outwardly. His circumcision is meaningless if his heart isn't right with God. It is simply an outward physical rite and that is all. A genuine Jew is one inwardly and true circumcision is that of the heart and by the Spirit.
This is not speaking of Christians, but rather of Jews.
- Watch out for "dogs," watch out for evil workers, watch out for those who mutilate the flesh. For we are the circumcision, the ones who serve by the Spirit of God, boast in Christ Jesus, and do not put confidence in the flesh --
Again watch for the context.
We don't normally call people dogs. This was a metaphor. Paul was referring to Judaizers in particular, though the term in the past had been used to refer to Gentiles in general.
But these false teachers mutilated the flesh, that is, demanded circumcison, for salvation. They were the Judaizers, legalists.
The OT rite of circumcision was a sign of the covenant for the Jews.
Philippians 3:3 For
we are the circumcision, which worship God in the spirit, and rejoice in Christ Jesus, and have no confidence in the flesh.
--The Judaizers boasted in the flesh; Paul put no confidence in the flesh. There is the contrast.
Given the context it is very possible that the "we" in "we are the circumcision," refers to Paul and the apostles.
From verse four onward he speaks of himself, biographical information, a defense of his apostleship:
Philippians 3:4-7 Though I might also have
confidence in the flesh. If any other man thinketh that he hath whereof he might
trust in the flesh,
I more: Circumcised the eighth day, of the stock of Israel,
of the tribe of Benjamin, an Hebrew of the Hebrews; as touching the law, a Pharisee; Concerning zeal, persecuting the church; touching the righteousness which is in the law, blameless. But what things were gain to me, those I counted loss for Christ.
What a contrast to these Judaizers!
Note the contrast throughout is how the Judaizers boasted or put their confidence in the flesh. Paul's confidence was in the Lord. All throughout that is the contrast.
I believe he is identifying himself with the apostles:
Instead of "we" the Judaizers who came to you;
"we the apostles are the circumcision and have come to you."
In no way is he suggesting that Christians are Israelites. That is as far as one can get from the truth of this passage.