February 26
Romans 11:1, “I say then, Hath God cast away his people? God forbid.”
Paul enjoys asking rhetorical questions (questions that do not require an answer - our text is such a question)! By the time Paul wrote Romans, he must have dealt with the confusion and misunderstanding regarding Israel’s standing with God, many times. “Cast” (reject) is from the Greek word apotheo - which means to thrust away from oneself. “Paul is not asking whether or not God has refused to receive His people to Himself, but whether or not he has trust away from Himself the people He long ago received as His own.” (MacArthur)
The apostle answers his own question, stating firmly the obvious, “No, No, a thousand times, NO! (Todd’s paraphrase) The Greek word is me genoito , the strongest negative in the Greek language. Jesus is recorded as having used this word once in Luke 20:16. Other than that use, Paul is the only New Testament writer to use the phrase, and he does so fourteen times, ten of which are in Romans. In our text, he uses is to repudiate an anticipated misunderstanding by his readers!
Just what causes Paul to use this strongest of negatives? It is to state clearly and concisely the total inconceivability that God would default on His unconditional promises to Israel.
Even though Israel was disobedient and obstinate (Rom. 10:21), Scripture is filled with God’s promises never to forsake His chosen people.
1 Sam. 12:22, “For the Lord will not forsake his people for his great name's sake: because it hath pleased the Lord to make you his people.”
Psalm 89:31-37, “If they break my statutes, and keep not my commandments; Then will I visit their transgression with the rod, and their iniquity with stripes. Nevertheless my lovingkindness will I not utterly take from him, nor suffer my faithfulness to fail. My covenant will I not break, nor alter the thing that is gone out of my lips. Once have I sworn by my holiness that I will not lie unto David. His seed shall endure for ever, and his throne as the sun before me. It shall be established for ever as the moon, and as a faithful witness in heaven. Selah.”
Psalm 94:14, “For the Lord will not cast off his people, neither will he forsake his inheritance.”
Psalm 106:44-45, “Nevertheless he regarded their affliction, when he heard their cry: And he remembered for them his covenant, and repented according to the multitude of his mercies.”
There are two salient points that MacArthur makes regarding this text, “It is God’s faithfulness to Israel that guarantees her ultimate redemption and restoration,” and “God’s grace always surpasses His people’s sin.”
The writer of Psalm 105 thanks and praises God for His unalterable and permanent covenant relationship with Israel. Psalm 105:8-10, “He hath remembered his covenant for ever, the word which he commanded to a thousand generations. Which covenant he made with Abraham, and his oath unto Isaac; And confirmed the same unto Jacob for a law, and to Israel for an everlasting covenant.”
Nehemiah records the sentiment of Israel after returning to the promised land from the Babylonian captivity. Neh. 9:26-27, 31, “Nevertheless they were disobedient, and rebelled against thee, and cast thy law behind their backs, and slew thy prophets which testified against them to turn them to thee, and they wrought great provocations. Therefore thou deliveredst them into the hand of their enemies, who vexed them: and in the time of their trouble, when they cried unto thee, thou heardest them from heaven; and according to thy manifold mercies thou gavest them saviours, who saved them out of the hand of their enemies. Nevertheless for thy great mercies' sake thou didst not utterly consume them, nor forsake them; for thou art a gracious and merciful God.”
Although Israel deserved (as do we ) God’s damnation, God’s integrity would/will not allow it. Neh 9:32 states, “our God, the great, the mighty, and the terrible God, [dost] ... keep... covenant and mercy.”
Jeremiah states, “Therefore fear thou not, O my servant Jacob, saith the Lord; neither be dismayed, O Israel: for, lo, I will save thee from afar, and thy seed from the land of their captivity; and Jacob shall return, and shall be in rest, and be quiet, and none shall make him afraid. For I am with thee, saith the Lord, to save thee: though I make a full end of all nations whither I have scattered thee, yet will I not make a full end of thee: but I will correct thee in measure, and will not leave thee altogether unpunished. Hear the word of the Lord, O ye nations, and declare it in the isles afar off, and say, He that scattered Israel will gather him, and keep him, as a shepherd doth his flock..” (Jeremiah 30:10-11; 31:10)
Paul was confident (as we can be) that God would never completely cast Israel aside, because God had promised never to do so. In light of that truth, Paul affirms that God’s present setting aside of Israel is only partial, Rom. 11:1-10. Paul does this by pointing to himself as a believing Jew (ver 1b), by pointing to the believing remnant whom God has always preserved in Israel, (ver 2-7a), and by pointing to God’s revelation about unbelieving Israelites whose hearts are hardened to His grace, (ver 7b-10).
Made God bless us with understanding as we continue with this study.
Adapted from “Romans” by MacArthur.
In Christ,
Dan Todd