September 4
Romans 9:32-33, “For they stumbled at that stumblingstone; As it is written, Behold, I lay in Sion a stumblingstone and rock of offence: and whosoever believeth on him shall not be ashamed.”
My least favorite classes in school had something in common, they were both languages, English and French. Born in America, French was a foreign language, but many times my native tongue also seemed a foreign language to me. Biblical Greek is probably the most expressive of languages known to man. Often, what is quite clear in Greek, is muddled at best in English, and this causes translation problems.
One of the best examples of this translation problem in found in John 21:15-17, “So when they had dined, Jesus saith to Simon Peter, Simon, son of Jonas, lovest thou me more than these? He saith unto him, Yea, Lord; thou knowest that I love thee. He saith unto him, Feed my lambs. He saith to him again the second time, Simon, son of Jonas, lovest thou me? He saith unto him, Yea, Lord; thou knowest that I love thee. He saith unto him, Feed my sheep. He saith unto him the third time, Simon, son of Jonas, lovest thou me? Peter was grieved because he said unto him the third time, Lovest thou me? And he said unto him, Lord, thou knowest all things; thou knowest that I love thee. Jesus saith unto him, Feed my sheep.”
As a young man, this passage meant little to me. I was particularly confused as to why “Peter was grieved” in verse 17. In the Greek language, there are at least three words that are translated “love” in the English language: “Agape” which can best be expressed by our Lord’s example, is a love that gives oneself for another (He gave Himself for us); “Phileo” which is a term of affection (Philadelphia finds its root in this Greek word - City of brotherly love); and “eros” which is a sensual love (this word is not found in the Bible). Jesus said to Peter, “Do you agape me,” and Peter said, “I phileo you.” Both repeated the same words in verse 16, but in verse 17, Jesus used Peter’s word “phileo” and Peter was grieved or cut by the change in words. If I might paraphrase this conversation, so the difference is more apparent, Jesus said, “Peter, do you love me enough to die for me?” Peter said, “Jesus, I’m fond of you.” Jesus said again, “Peter, do you love me enough to die for me?” Peter replied again, “Jesus, I’m fond of you?” Finally Jesus asked, “Peter, are you even fond of me?” Peter replied, “Lord, you know I’m fond of you.” And Peter was cut to the quick, because Jesus questioned his allegiance to Him.
The same type of translation problem is found in Matthew 16:18, “And I say also unto thee, That thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build my church; and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it.” Dr. Bob should appreciate Boice’s words on this verse, “In the Greek language in which the New Testament is written, there is a pun on the word Peter. The Greek word for Peter is petros, which means a piece of rock and can mean something as small as a slingshot stone or pebble. But when Jesus said, ‘On this rock I will build my church,’ the word He used was petra( a feminine form of the same root word), which means ‘bed rock.’ It was as if He were saying, ‘You are a little pebble, Petros, but I am going to build My church on Myself, because I am the bed rock, petra. I am the only foundation on which anyone can securely build.”
I am quite aware that there is a vast “Christian Organization” that claims that Christ built His church on Peter, and that Peter was its first pope. I find it interesting that this first “infallible” pope was chastised by the Apostle Paul in Galatians 2:11, “But when Peter was come to Antioch, I withstood him to the face, because he was to be blamed.” But according to the evolution of Catholic doctrine, it was not until 1870 that the pope was declared “infallible in matters of faith.” The early Roman Catholic Church believed that Christ told Peter that He was building His church upon Himself, but that belief changed with the need for an infallible papacy.
The problem lies in what you use for your foundation. If God’s Word, the Bible, is your final authority, then we have an unchanging document upon which to base our theology and build our church. But if the whims (church tradition and papal encyclicals and edicts) of an ecclesiastical organization determine doctrine, then you have an ever changing foundation upon which to build your church. Jesus told a story about foundations that is applicable to this discussion in Matthew 7:24-27, “Therefore whosoever heareth these sayings of mine, and doeth them, I will liken him unto a wise man, which built his house upon a rock: And the rain descended, and the floods came, and the winds blew, and beat upon that house; and it fell not: for it was founded upon a rock. And every one that heareth these sayings of mine, and doeth them not, shall be likened unto a foolish man, which built his house upon the sand: And the rain descended, and the floods came, and the winds blew, and beat upon that house; and it fell: and great was the fall of it.”
Drawing Romans 9 to a conclusion, my prayer is that you Build on the Rock, the Lord Jesus Christ. Boice writes, “If you will not have Jesus Christ, He will become a stumbling stone to you that will cause you to fall spiritually. That fall will mean your eternal destruction. But if you trust in Him, you will find Him to be the foundation stone that God has Himself established, and you will learn, as you live the Christian life, that ‘the one who trusts in him will never be put to shame.’”
Adapted from “Romans” by Boice.
In Christ,
Dan Todd