"Evening" -- 'opsia'

[Gerhard Ebersoehn]

Collins English Dictionary, ‘even’, An archaic word for ‘eve’ OR ‘evening’ … ‘evening’, The latter part of the day … OR … The early part of the night.

If one goes to ‘evening classes’, does he go before or after sunset?

However, it is of no use to argue about the meaning of ‘eve’, ‘even’ and ‘evening'. The New Testament was written in Greek, not in English.

‘heh opsiah’—“the evening”

“They brought the sick …” after sunset because the Sabbath had to be over first …

Mk1:32 Mt8:16 “opsia de genomenehs hote edusen ho hehlios”—“and at even when the sun did set” (‘genomenehs’ ‘edusen’—Aorist Ingressive = Perfect Past— “…evening having come when the sun had set”

= ‘opsia’ when “Joseph came”

= Mk15:42 ‘kai ehdeh opsias genomenehs’—“and now when the even was already come” night-time after sunset, PAST dusk

= Mt27:57 ‘opsias de genomenehs’—“when the even was come” night-time after sunset, PAST dusk

‘opsia’ the night at sea

Jn6:16,17 ‘hohs de opsia egeneto … kai skotia ehdeh egegonehi’—“and when even was now come … and it was now dark”—‘egeneto’ Aorist Punctiliar; ‘egegonei’ Pluperfect = Perfect Past

‘opsia’ after the day Jesus had fed the multitude and had sent them away, before he sent the disciples to go before on sea …
Mt14:15 ‘opsias de genomenehs ... kai heh hohra ehdeh parehlthen’—“and having been evening … and the (evening) hour already have passed by …”
and ‘opsia’ after Jesus had sent the disciples to go before on sea …
Mk6:47 Mt14:23 ‘kai opsias / opsias de genomenehs’—“…and evening having passed / gone by”

‘opsia’ of Jesus’ nights in prayer

Mk4:35 ‘en ekeinehi tehi hehmerai opsias genemenehs’—“on that day evening having passed”
Mk6:45 “when He had sent them away He (in the first watch of night) departed into a mountain to pray”
(“to pray”, “the night” Lk21:37 “He continued in prayer all night” Lk6:12 On this night, Jesus prayed until He)—
Mt14:25 “in the fourth watch of the night went unto them.”

‘opsia’ the Last Supper (The passover was eaten “in that night”.)

Mk14:17 ‘kai opsias genomenehs erchetai’—“in the evening He comes”
= Mt26:20 ‘opsias de genomenehs’—“now when even was come”
= Lk22:7 ‘hote egeneto heh hohra’—“when the hour was come” / “after the (evening-) hour had come He sat down”
= Jn13:30 ‘ehn nuks’—“it was night”

‘opsia’ predicting the rest of the day …

Mt16:2 ‘opsias genomenehs legete eudia … kai prohï sehmeron cheimohn’—“came evening you say, (today is) fine weather … and (came) morning, today is bad weather.”

‘opsia’ when labourers after their day’s work get paid …

Mt20:8 ‘opsias de genomenehs’—“so when even was come / had come”

 

[Gerhard Ebersoehn]

The five thousand fed and the night on sea

Context

John the Baptist

Mark 6

27 And immediately the king sent an executioner, and commanded

καὶ εὐθὺς ἀποστείλας ὁ βασιλεὺς σπεκουλάτορα ἐπέταξεν

his head to be brought: and he went and beheaded him in the prison.

ἐνέγκαι τὴν κεφαλὴν αὐτοῦ. καὶἀπελθὼν ἀπεκεφάλισεν αὐτὸν ἐν τῇ φυλακῇ,

28 And he brought his head in a charger, and gave it to the damsel:

καὶ ἤνεγκεν τὴν κεφαλὴν αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ πίνακι καὶ ἔδωκεν αὐτὴν τῷ κορασίῳ,

and the damsel gave it to her mother.

καὶ τὸ κοράσιον ἔδωκεν αὐτὴν τῇ μητρὶ αὐτῆς.

Matthew 14

10 And he sent, and beheaded John in the prison.

καὶ πέμψας ἀπεκεφάλισεν Ἰωάνην ἐν τῇ φυλακῇ.

11 And his head was brought in a charger,

καὶ ἠνέχθη ἡ κεφαλὴ αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ πίνακι

and given to the damsel: and she broughtitto her mother.

καὶ ἐδόθη τῷ κορασίῳ, καὶ ἤνεγκεν τῇ μητρὶ αὐτῆς.

Luke 9

7 Now Herod the tetrarch heard of all that was done by him:

Ἤκουσεν δὲἩρῴδης ὁ τετραάρχης τὰ γινόμενα πάντα,

and he was perplexed, because that it was said of some that John

καὶ διηπόρει διὰ τὸ λέγεσθαι ὑπό τινων ὅτι Ἰωάνης

was risen from the dead; 8 And of some, that Elias had appeared;

ἠγέρθη ἐκ νεκρῶν, 8 ὑπό τινων δὲὅτι Ἡλείας ἐφάνη,

and of others, that one of the old prophets was risen again.

ἄλλων δὲὅτι προφήτης τις τῶν ἀρχαίων ἀνέστη.

9 And Herod said, John have I beheaded: but who is this,

εἶπεν δὲἩρῴδης Ἰωάνην ἐγὼἀπεκεφάλισα· τίς δέ ἐστιν οὗτος

of whom I hear such things? And he desired to see him.

περὶ οὗἀκούω τοιαῦτα; καὶἐζήτει ἰδεῖν αὐτόν.

John 5

35 He was a burning and a shining light…

ἐκεῖνος ἦν ὁ λύχνος ὁ καιόμενος καὶ φαίνων…

and ye were willing for a season to rejoice in his light

ὑμεῖς δὲ ἠθελήσατε ἀγαλλιαθῆναι πρὸς ὥραν ἐν τῷ φωτὶ αὐτοῦ.36 but I have greater witness than that of John

ἐγὼ δὲ ἔχω τὴν μαρτυρίαν μείζω τοῦ Ἰωάνου·


Disciples tell Jesus

Mark 6

29 And when his disciples heard, they came and took up his corpse,

καὶ ἀκούσαντες οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ ἦλθαν καὶ ἦραν τὸ πτῶμα αὐτοῦ

and laid it in a tomb.

καὶ ἔθηκαν αὐτὸ ἐν μνημείῳ.

30 And the apostles gathered themselves together unto Jesus, and told

Καὶ συνάγονται οἱ ἀπόστολοι πρὸς τὸν Ἰησοῦν, καὶ ἀπήγγειλαν

him all things, both what they had done, and what they had taught.

αὐτῷ πάντα ὅσα ἐποίησαν καὶ ὅσα ἐδίδαξαν.

Matthew 14

12 And his disciples came, and took up the body,

καὶ προσελθόντες οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ ἦραν τὸ πτῶμα

and buried it, and went and told Jesus.

καὶ ἔθαψαν αὐτόν, καὶ ἐλθόντες ἀπήγγειλαν τῷ Ἰησοῦ.

Luke 9

10a And the apostles, when they were returned, told him

Καὶὑποστρέψαντες οἱἀπόστολοι διηγήσαντο αὐτῷ

all that they had done.


Departed by ship

Mark 6

31And he said unto them, Come ye yourselves apart into a desert place,

καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς Δεῦτε ὑμεῖς αὐτοὶ κατ’ ἰδίαν εἰς ἔρημον τόπον

and rest a while: for there were many coming and going,

καὶ ἀναπαύσασθε ὀλίγον. ἦσαν γὰρ οἱ ἐρχόμενοι καὶ οἱ ὑπάγοντες πολλοί,

and they had no leisure so much as to eat.

καὶ οὐδὲ φαγεῖν εὐκαίρουν.

32 And they departed into a desert place by ship privately.

καὶ ἀπῆλθον ἐν τῷ πλοίῳ εἰς ἔρημον τόπον κατ’ ἰδίαν.

Matthew 14

13a When Jesus heard, he departed thence by ship

Ἀκούσας δὲ ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἀνεχώρησεν ἐκεῖθεν ἐν πλοίῳ

into a desert place apart:

Luke 9

10b And he took them, and went aside

ὅσα ἐποίησαν. Καὶ παραλαβὼν αὐτοὺς ὑπεχώρησεν

privately into a desert place belonging to the city called Bethsaida.

κατ’ ἰδίαν εἰς πόλιν καλουμένην Βηθσαϊδά.

John 6

1 After these things Jesus went over the sea of Galilee.

Μετὰ ταῦτα ἀπῆλθεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς πέραν τῆς θαλάσσης τῆς Γαλιλαίας.

 

[Gerhard Ebersoehn]

People followed

Mark 6

33a And the people saw them departing, and many knew him,

καὶ εἶδον αὐτοὺς ὑπάγοντας καὶ ἐπέγνωσαν πολλοί,

and ran afoot thither out of all cities, and outwent them,

καὶ πεζῇ ἀπὸ πασῶν τῶν πόλεων

Matthew 14

13b and when the people had heard,

εἰς ἔρημον τόπον κατ’ ἰδίαν· καὶ ἀκούσαντες οἱ ὄχλοι

they followed him on foot out of the cities.

ἠκολούθησαν αὐτῷ πεζῇ ἀπὸ τῶν πόλεων.

Luke 9

11a And the people, when they knewit, followed him:

οἱ δὲὄχλοι γνόντες ἠκολούθησαν αὐτῷ·

John 6

2 And a great multitude followed him, because they saw

ἠκολούθει δὲ αὐτῷ ὄχλος πολύς, ὅτι ἑώρων

his miracles which he did on them that were diseased.

τὰ σημεῖα ἃ ἐποίει ἐπὶ τῶν ἀσθενούντων.


Into a mountain

John 6

3 And Jesus went up into a mountain,

ἀνῆλθεν δὲ εἰς τὸ ὄρος Ἰησοῦς,

and there he sat with his disciples.

καὶ ἐκεῖ ἐκάθητο μετὰ τῶν μαθητῶν αὐτοῦ.

4 And the passover, a feast of the Jews, was nigh.

ἦν δὲ ἐγγὺς τὸ πάσχα, ἡ ἑορτὴ τῶν Ἰουδαίων.

5a When Jesus then lifted uphiseyes,

ἐπάρας οὖν τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς ὁ Ἰησοῦς


People came to him

John 6

5b and saw a great company come unto him,

καὶ θεασάμενος ὅτι πολὺς ὄχλος ἔρχεται πρὸς αὐτὸν,

Mark 6

33b and the people came together unto him.

συνέδραμον ἐκεῖ καὶ προῆλθον αὐτούς.

Luke 9

11b and he received them,

καὶἀποδεξάμενος αὐτοὺς


Began to teach and heal

Mark 6

34 And Jesus, when he came out, saw much people, and was moved

Καὶ ἐξελθὼν εἶδεν πολὺν ὄχλον, καὶ ἐσπλαγχνίσθη

with compassion toward them, because they were as sheep not having

ἐπ’ αὐτοὺς ὅτι ἦσαν ὡς πρόβατα μὴ ἔχοντα

a shepherd: and he began to teach them many things.

ποιμένα, καὶ ἤρξατο διδάσκειν αὐτοὺς πολλά.

Matthew 14

14 And Jesus went forth, and saw a great multitude, and was moved

Καὶ ἐξελθὼν εἶδεν πολὺν ὄχλον, καὶ ἐσπλαγχνίσθη

with compassion toward them, and he healed their sick.

ἐπ’ αὐτοῖς καὶ ἐθεράπευσεν τοὺς ἀρρώστους αὐτῶν.

Luke 9

11b and spake unto them of the kingdom

ἐλάλει αὐτοῖς περὶ τῆς βασιλείας

of God, and healed them that had need of healing.

τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ τοὺς χρείαν ἔχοντας θεραπείας ἰᾶτο.


Came the twelve

Mark 6

35 And when the day was now far spent,

Καὶ ἤδη ὥρας πολλῆς γενομένης

his disciples came unto him, and said, This is a desert place,

προσελθόντες αὐτῷ οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ ἔλεγον ὅτι Ἔρημός ἐστιν ὁ τόπος,

and now the timeisfar passed:

καὶ ἤδη ὥρα πολλή·

36 Send them away, that they may go into the country round about, and

ἀπόλυσον αὐτούς, ἵνα ἀπελθόντες εἰς τοὺς κύκλῳ ἀγροὺς

into the villages, and buy themselves something to eat.

καὶ κώμας ἀγοράσωσιν ἑαυτοῖς τί φάγωσιν.

Matthew 14

15 And when it was evening, his disciples came to him, saying,

ὀψίας δὲ γενομένης προσῆλθον αὐτῷ οἱ μαθηταὶ λέγοντες

This is a desert place, and the time is now past;

Ἔρημός ἐστιν ὁ τόπος καὶ ἡ ὥρα ἤδη παρῆλθεν·

send the multitude away, that they may go into the villages,

ἀπόλυσον οὖν τοὺς ὄχλους, ἵνα ἀπελθόντες εἰς τὰς κώμας

and buy themselves victuals.

ἀγοράσωσιν ἑαυτοῖς βρώματα.

Luke 9

12 And when the day began to wear away, then came the twelve,

Ἡ δὲἡμέρα ἤρξατο κλίνειν· προσελθόντες δὲ οἱ δώδεκα

and said unto him, Send the multitude away, that they may go

εἶπαν αὐτῷ Ἀπόλυσον τὸν ὄχλον, ἵνα πορευθέντες

into the towns and country round about, and lodge,

εἰς τὰς κύκλῳ κώμας καὶ ἀγροὺς καταλύσωσιν

and get victuals: for we are here in a desert place.

καὶ εὕρωσιν ἐπισιτισμόν, ὅτι ὧδε ἐν ἐρήμῳ τόπῳ ἐσμέν.

 

[Gerhard Ebersoehn]

The five thousand fed …

John 6

5c …he saith unto Philip, Whence shall we buy bread, that these may eat?6And this he said to prove him: for he himself knew what he would do.7Philip answered him, Two hundred pennyworth of bread is not sufficient for them, that every one of them may take a little.8One of his disciples, Andrew, Simon Peter's brother, saith unto him,9There is a lad here, which hath five barley loaves, and two small fishes: but what are they among so many?10And Jesus said, Make the men sit down. Now there was much grass in the place. So the men sat down, in number about five thousand.11And Jesus took the loaves; and when he had given thanks, he distributed to the disciples, and the disciples to them that were set down; and likewise of the fishes as much as they would.12When they were filled, he said unto his disciples, Gather up the fragments that remain, that nothing be lost.13Therefore they gatheredthemtogether, and filled twelve baskets with the fragments of the five barley loaves, which remained over and above unto them that had eaten.

Luke 9

13But he said unto them, Give ye them to eat. And they said, We have no more but five loaves and two fishes; except we should go and buy meat for all this people.14For they were about five thousand men. And he said to his disciples, Make them sit down by fifties in a company.15And they did so, and made them all sit down.16Then he took the five loaves and the two fishes, and looking up to heaven, he blessed them, and brake, and gave to the disciples to set before the multitude.17And they did eat, and were all filled: and there was taken up of fragments that remained to them twelve baskets.

Matthew 14

16But Jesus said unto them, They need not depart; give ye them to eat.17And they say unto him, We have here but five loaves, and two fishes.18He said, Bring them hither to me.19And he commanded the multitude to sit down on the grass, and took the five loaves, and the two fishes, and looking up to heaven, he blessed, and brake, and gave the loaves tohisdisciples, and the disciples to the multitude.20And they did all eat, and were filled: and they took up of the fragments that remained twelve baskets full.21And they that had eaten were about five thousand men, beside women and children.

Mark 6

37He answered and said unto them, Give ye them to eat. And they say unto him, Shall we go and buy two hundred pennyworth of bread, and give them to eat?38He saith unto them, How many loaves have ye? go and see. And when they knew, they say, Five, and two fishes.39And he commanded them to make all sit down by companies upon the green grass.40And they sat down in ranks, by hundreds, and by fifties.41And when he had taken the five loaves and the two fishes, he looked up to heaven, and blessed, and brake the loaves, and gavethemto his disciples to set before them; and the two fishes divided he among them all.42And they did all eat, and were filled.43And they took up twelve baskets full of the fragments, and of the fishes.44And they that did eat of the loaves were about five thousand men.

 

[Gerhard Ebersoehn]

Himself alone when / because even was come

John 6

14 Then those men, when they had seen the miracle that Jesus did, said,

Οἱ οὖν ἄνθρωποι ἰδόντες ὃ ἐποίησεν σημεῖον ἔλεγον ὅτι

This is of a truth that prophet that should come into the world.

Οὗτός ἐστιν ἀληθῶς ὁ προφήτης ὁ ἐρχόμενος εἰς τὸν κόσμον.

15When Jesus therefore perceived that they would come and take him

Ἰησοῦς οὖν γνοὺς ὅτι μέλλουσιν ἔρχεσθαι καὶ ἁρπάζειν αὐτὸν

to make him a king, he departed again into a mountain

ἵνα ποιήσωσιν βασιλέα, ἀνεχώρησεν πάλιν εἰς τὸ ὄρος

himself alone 16 when / because even was come.[*]

αὐτὸς μόνος 16 ὡς δὲ ὀψία ἐγένετο.[*]

Mark 6

45 And straightway he constrained his disciples to get into the ship,

Καὶ εὐθὺς ἠνάγκασεν τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ ἐμβῆναι εἰς τὸ πλοῖον

and to go to the other side before unto Bethsaida,

καὶ προάγειν εἰς τὸ πέραν πρὸς Βηθσαϊδάν,

while he sent away the people 46 And when he had sent them away,

ἕως αὐτὸς ἀπολύει τὸν ὄχλον. 46 καὶ ἀποταξάμενος αὐτοῖς

he departed into a mountain to pray. 47 And even was come.

ἀπῆλθεν εἰς τὸ ὄρος προσεύξασθαι. 47 καὶ ὀψίας γενομένης.

The ship was in the midst of the sea, and he, alone on the land.

ἦν τὸ πλοῖον ἐν μέσῳ τῆς θαλάσσης, καὶ αὐτὸς μόνος ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς.

Matthew 14

22And straightway Jesus constrained his disciples to get into a ship

Καὶ εὐθέως ἠνάγκασεν τοὺς μαθητὰς ἐμβῆναι εἰς τὸ πλοῖον

and to go before him unto the other side, while he sent away

προάγειν αὐτὸν εἰς τὸ πέραν, ἕως οὗ ἀπολύσῃ

the multitudes away.23 And when he had sent the multitudes away,

τοὺς ὄχλους.καὶ ἀπολύσας τοὺς ὄχλους

he went up into a mountain apart to pray:

ἀνέβη εἰς τὸ ὄρος κατ’ ἰδίαν προσεύξασθαι.

and when the evening was come, he was there alone.

ὀψίας δὲ γενομένης μόνος ἦν ἐκεῖ.

John 6

16b (As even was now come), his disciples went down unto the sea

(ὡς δὲ ὀψία ἐγένετο) κατέβησαν οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ τὴν θάλασσαν

17 and entered into a ship, and went over the sea toward Capernaum.

καὶ ἐμβάντες εἰς πλοῖον ἤρχοντο πέραν τῆς θαλάσσης εἰς Καφαρναούμ.

And it was now dark, and Jesus was not come to them.

καὶ σκοτία ἤδη ἐγεγόνει καὶ οὔπω ἐληλύθει πρὸς αὐτοὺς ὁ Ἰησοῦς


Night upon the sea

Mark 6

48 And he saw them toiling in rowing; for the wind was contrary unto them:

καὶ ἰδὼν αὐτοὺς βασανιζομένους ἐν τῷ ἐλαύνειν, ἦν γὰρ ὁ ἄνεμος ἐναντίος αὐτοῖς,

and about the fourth watch of the night he cometh unto them,

περὶ τετάρτην φυλακὴν τῆς νυκτὸς ἔρχεται πρὸς αὐτοὺς

walking upon the sea, and would have passed by them.

περιπατῶν ἐπὶ τῆς θαλάσσης· καὶ ἤθελεν παρελθεῖν αὐτούς.

49 But when they saw him walking upon the sea, they supposed

οἱ δὲ ἰδόντες αὐτὸν ἐπὶ τῆς θαλάσσης περιπατοῦντα ἔδοξαν ὅτι

it had been a spirit, and cried out: 50 For they all saw him,

φάντασμά ἐστιν καὶ ἀνέκραξαν·50 πάντες γὰρ αὐτὸν εἶδαν

and were troubled. And immediately he talked with them,

καὶ ἐταράχθησαν. ὁ δὲ εὐθὺς ἐλάλησεν μετ’ αὐτῶν,

and saith unto them, Be of good cheer: it is I; be not afraid.

καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς Θαρσεῖτε, ἐγώ εἰμι, μὴ φοβεῖσθε.

Matthew 14

24 But the ship was now very far from land away,

τὸ δὲ πλοῖον ἤδη σταδίους πολλοὺς ἀπὸ τῆς γῆς ἀπεῖχεν, tossed with waves: for the wind was contrary.

βασανιζόμενον ὑπὸ τῶν κυμάτων, ἦν γὰρ ἐναντίος ὁ ἄνεμος.

25 And in the fourth watch of the night he went unto them,

τετάρτῃ δὲ φυλακῇ τῆς νυκτὸς ἦλθεν πρὸς αὐτοὺς

walking on the sea. 26 And when the disciples saw him

περιπατῶν ἐπὶ τὴν θάλασσαν.26 οἱ δὲ μαθηταὶ ἰδόντες αὐτὸν

walking on the sea, they were troubled, saying,

ἐπὶ τῆς θαλάσσης περιπατοῦντα ἐταράχθησαν λέγοντες ὅτι

It is a spirit; and they cried out for fear. 27 But straightway spake

Φάντασμά ἐστιν, καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ φόβου ἔκραξαν. 27εὐθὺς δὲ ἐλάλησεν

Jesus unto them, saying, Be of good cheer; it is I; be not afraid.

ὁ Ἰησοῦς αὐτοῖς λέγων Θαρσεῖτε, ἐγώ εἰμι· μὴ φοβεῖσθε.

John 6

18 And the sea by reason of a great wind that blew arose.

ἥ τε θάλασσα ἀνέμου μεγάλου πνέοντος διεγείρετο.

19 So when they had rowed about five and twenty or thirty furlongs,

ἐληλακότες οὖν ὡς σταδίους εἴκοσι πέντε ἢ τριάκοντα

they see Jesus walking on the sea,

θεωροῦσιν τὸν Ἰησοῦν περιπατοῦντα ἐπὶ τῆς θαλάσσης

and drawing nigh unto the ship: and they were afraid.

καὶ ἐγγὺς τοῦ πλοίου γινόμενον, καὶ ἐφοβήθησαν.

20 But he saith unto them, It is I; be not afraid.

ὁ δὲ λέγει αὐτοῖς Ἐγώ εἰμι, μὴ φοβεῖσθε.