I have little to contribute to the thread except to correct a glaring error.
It is the matter of "biblical" divorce.
Paul states (1 Cor.) :
But to the married I give instructions, not I, but the Lord, that the wife should not leave her husband (but if she does leave, she must remain unmarried, or else be reconciled to her husband), and that the husband should not divorce his wife.
Then Paul continues to address one who becomes a believer and the partner does not, AND this is PAUL's statement NOT the Lord:
But to the rest I say, not the Lord, that if any brother has a wife who is an unbeliever, and she consents to live with him, he must not divorce her. And a woman who has an unbelieving husband, and he consents to live with her, she must not send her husband away. (1 Cor. 7)
Further he states:
Yet if the unbelieving one leaves, let him leave; the brother or the sister is not under bondage in such cases, but God has called us to peace.
Ok, that is the statement recorded and applicable to the church.
Now let's look at the direct statement by the Lord Jesus Christ (Matthew 19):
Some Pharisees came to Jesus, testing Him and asking, “Is it lawful for a man to divorce his wife for any reason at all?”
And He answered and said, “Have you not read that He who created them from the beginning made them male and female, and said, ‘For this reason a man shall leave his father and mother and be joined to his wife, and the two shall become one flesh’? So they are no longer two, but one flesh. What therefore God has joined together, let no man separate.”
They *said to Him, “Why then did Moses command to give her a certificate of divorce and send her away?”
He *said to them, “Because of your hardness of heart Moses permitted you to divorce your wives; but from the beginning it has not been this way. And I say to you, whoever divorces his wife, except for immorality, and marries another woman commits adultery.”
The disciples *said to Him, “If the relationship of the man with his wife is like this, it is better not to marry.”
But He said to them, “Not all men can accept this statement, but only those to whom it has been given. For there are eunuchs who were born that way from their mother’s womb; and there are eunuchs who were made eunuchs by men; and there are also eunuchs who made themselves eunuchs for the sake of the kingdom of heaven. He who is able to accept this, let him accept it.”
Now there is the common misconception that adultery cancels the marriage. THAT is not what is meant in the statement by Christ, for if it were then mere man could undo what God has joined.
So to answer the question of WHEN can believer's divorce and it not violate God's standard, one must take the statement of Christ who is addressing the religious righteous of His day and what is involved in what THEY considered marriage.
To the Jews of that cultural day, the marriage took place, BUT the bride and groom did not come together as "one flesh" (or consummation) until the groom had prepared a place for his bride. When the groom's father agreed that the place was finished, then the groom would go to the house of the bride's father and "steal" away the bride.
It was during THIS TIME (a time when the marriage has taken place, but the groom and bride are not "one flesh") that divorce can take place and it fit to the standard that the Lord Jesus Christ established.
It is true that the "protestant" church has not kept this standard. IMO, the standard was lowered when Henry the VIII desired to find some justification for his many wives.
So, those writing about the OP, now should consider the BIBLICAL standard as related to divorce, and not try to consider some lesser human adopted standard that only brings sorrow.
One last comment:
To those who have injured their living and damaged their life as a believer by divorce, there is a great God who forgives. A tremendous blessing in recognizing the failure and determining it will never be repeated. For the example that you can show by admitting the failure, and encouraging others in their own walk as a believer.
I am in no position to bring any condemnation to those who have had such great sorrow enter their lives. I am convinced that service to Christ (though no longer able to be as it could have been) is never - the - less built upon a daily commitment to The Lord of the whole heart, mind, soul, and strength (body).
Therefore, to the so dedicated believer, "THERE IS THEREFORE NO CONDEMNATION..." (Romans 8) no matter the events, the heartaches, the things past, present or whatever the future holds.
Get on serving the Lord, and do not be shackled to the past.