The doctrine of once saved, always saved is almost exclusively a post-reformation doctrine. The Ante-Nicene Church Fathers very clearly taught conditional rather than eternal security. In the 5th century we find the first teaching suggesting the doctrine of eternal security, but not the doctrine as it is taught today in most Baptist churches.
Today, the large majority of Bible scholars still reject the doctrine of once saved, always saved. The primary exceptions are those of the Reformed and Baptist denominations, as well as most Calvary Chapel churches and the churches that have sprung up out of that movement. The Roman Catholic Church, all of the Orthodox (Greek, Russian, etc.) Churches, the Lutheran Churches, the Methodist Churches, the Anglican Churches, the Nazarene Church, the Assemblies of God, the Church of God of Cleveland Tennessee, the Church of God in Christ, the Apostolic Faith Church, and most other denominations all teach conditional security.
The doctrine of eternal security as it is typically taught today has its roots in the teachings of John Calvin and his views regarding the sovereignty of God. Prior to John Calvin, the verses that are now understood to teach eternal security were understood very differently. And since the new interpretations are at variance with the Greek New Testament, Greek grammars written by Baptists who believe in eternal security have been theologically skewed to make these new interpretations plausible.
But even so, there are many passages in the New Testament that trouble some of those who believe in eternal security. Zane Hodges, for example, teaches that Matt. 25:30
And cast ye the unprofitable servant into outer darkness: there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth.
is not describing hell, but a suburb of heaven where sinful born again Christians will end up. Joey Faust teaches that sinful born again Christians will end up in heaven, but only after being tormented for 1000 years (the millennium for the wicked). Others who teach once saved, always saved, but find many problem passages in the Bible, have distorted the Scriptures in other ways to accommodate their beliefs.
The doctrine of falling from grace is commonly known as “apostasy,” and Naves Topical Bible lists many verses that teach it. Be sure to look up the many additional verses that you will find by looking up the headings that are cross-referenced in italic type.
Apostasy
Described
Deu_13:13; Heb_3:12
Caused by persecution
Mat_24:9-10; Luk_8:13
Caused by worldliness
2Ti_4:10
Guilt and punishment of
Zep_1:4-6; Heb_10:25-31; Heb_10:39; 2Pe_2:17; 2Pe_2:20-22
Cautions against
Heb_3:12; 2Pe_3:17
Shall abound in the latter days
Mat_24:12; 2Th_2:3; 1Ti_4:1-3
See Antichris
Unclassified scriptures relating to
General references
Deu_32:15; 1Ch_28:9; Isa_1:28; Isa_65:11-16; Jer_17:5-6; Eze_3:20; Eze_18:24; Eze_18:26; Eze_33:12-13; Eze_33:18; Mat_13:20-21; Mar_4:5-17; Luk_8:13; Mat_24:10; Mat_24:12; Luk_11:24-26; Joh_15:6; Act_7:39-43; 1Co_9:27; 2Th_2:3; 2Th_2:11-12; 1Ti_4:1-2; 2Ti_3:1-9; 2Ti_4:3-4; Heb_6:4-8; Heb_10:26-29; 2Pe_2:1; 2Pe_2:15; 2Pe_2:17; 2Pe_2:20-22; 2Pe_3:17; Jud_1:4-6
See Backsliders; Reprobacy
Instances of:
Israelites
Ex 32; Num 14
Saul
1Sa_15:26-29; 1Sa_18:12; 1Sa_28:15; 1Sa_28:18
Amaziah
2Ch_25:14
Joh_6:66
Judas
Mat_26:14-16; Mat_27:3-5; Mar_14:10-11; Luk_22:3-6; Luk_22:47-48; Act_1:16-18
Hymenaeus and Alexander
1Ti_1:19-20
Phygellus and Hermogenes
2Ti_1:15
See Backsliders, Backsliding of Israel