Regeneration: the same as the new birth…same as conversion.965
We have said that regeneration is synonymous, in the Bible, with a new heart. But sinners are required to make to themselves a new heart, which they could not do, if they were not active in this change
. If the work is a work of God, in such a sense, that He must first regenerate the heart or soul before the agency of the sinner begins, it were absurd and unjust to require him to make to himself a new heart…
962 Finney, Autobiography, p. 157. 963 Ibid., p. 148. 964 Ibid., pp. 329–330. 965 Ibid., p. 798. Finney equates regeneration at times with a moral persuasive influence upon the mind, with sanctification, and with conversion. This confusion results from his Pelagian– perfectionist presuppositions. 344
Regeneration is ascribed to man in the gospel, which it could not be, if the term were designed to express only the agency of the Holy Spirit….
Regeneration then is a radical change of the ultimate intention, and, of course, of the end or object of life. We have seen, that the choice of an end is efficient in producing executive volitions, or the use of means to obtain its end. A selfish ultimate choice is, therefore, a wicked heart, out of which flows every evil; and a benevolent ultimate choice is a good heart, out of which flows every good and commendable deed. Regeneration, to have the characteristics ascribed to it in the Bible, must consist in a change in the attitude of the will, or a change in its ultimate choice, intention, or preference; a change from selfishness to benevolence; from choosing self-gratification as the supreme and ultimate end of life, to the supreme and ultimate choice of the highest well-being of God and of the universe…
…the subject is active in regeneration…regeneration consists in the sinner changing his ultimate choice, intention, preference; or in changing from selfishness to love or benevolence; or, in other words, in turning from the supreme choice of self-gratification, to the supreme love of God and the equal love of his neighbor. Of course the subject of regeneration must be an agent in the work.966
In complaining against a Calvinistic tract written with the title, “Regeneration, The Effect of Divine Power,” Finney stated:
Now it had been just as true, just as philosphical, and just as scriptural, if he had said that converson was the work of man. The writer…has only told half the truth…The very title of this tract is a stumbling block. It tells the truth, but it does not tell all the truth. And a tract might be written upon this proposition, that ‘Conversion or regeneration is the work of man;’ which would be just as true, just as scriptural and just as philospohical, as the one to which I have alluded.967
The idea of a sinner’s being passive in regeneration, is calculated to destroy souls. It involves the absurdity of his having a passive volition. Every impenitent sinner is infinitely guilty, for not making himself a new heart; for not going the whole length of performing the work himself.
To say “I can’t love God and repent,” is to plead one sin for the commission of another. This view illustrates the nature of the sinner’s dependence on the Spirit of God. The only necessity for his aid or influence, lies in the sinner’s pertinacious obstinacy; and when he converts the sinner, he only overcomes that obstinacy.
The Spirit uses means in producing conversion. He does not come and take right hold of the heart and perform an operation upon it;
but he presents motives by means of the truth; he persuades, and the sinner yields to his persuasion.
Many have supposed that he moves, by a direct and immediate act, either upon the motive to give it efficiency, or upon the mind to make it willing. But there is no mystery about it.
Every Christian knows how he was induced to change his governing purpose or his heart. He was convinced and persuaded, and freely gave his own heart to God without compulsion. And I know not which is the greater infidel, he that denies the agency of the Spirit in conversion; or he that believes God has provided means which are not adapted to the end for which they are employed.
966 Ibid., pp. 365–371. (Italics added). 967 Finney, Lectures on Revivals of Religion, p. 188. 345
There is a sense in which a sinner does make a new heart. There is also a sense in which God does it; another, in which a preacher does it; and another, in which the truth or the word of God does it…968