[edit] Doctrine of Salvation (Soteriology)
Churches of Christ believe that humans (of accountable age) are lost in sin (but not born sinful cf Ez 18:4-22, Matthew 19:14)(Romans 3:23) and can be redeemed because Jesus Christ, the Son of God, offered Himself as the atoning sacrifice (Romans 6:23).
A main difference between Churches of Christ and other Christian churches is their doctrine of salvation. Churches of Christ believe that salvation begins when one obeys God's commands.
Here are the steps to salvation according to the Church of Christ; paraphrased:
1. One must be properly taught, and hear (Rm 10:17, Matt. 7:24),
2. One must believe or have faith (Heb 11:6, Mk 16:15-16),
3. One must repent, which means turning from one's former lifestyle and choosing God's ways (Acts 2:38, 17:30, Luke 13:3),
4. One must confess belief that Jesus is the son of God (Matthew 10:32-33; Acts 8:36-37),
5. One must be baptized (Acts 2:38; I Pet 3:20-21; Romans 6:3-5; Mark 16:16; Acts 22:16),
6. One must remain faithful unto death (Rev. 2:10).
Baptism in Churches of Christ is performed only by bodily immersion because in the New Testament the Greek term baptizo is always translated as "to immerse." Only those mentally capable of belief and repentance are baptized (i.e., infant baptism is not practiced because there is no example of such). Due to their views on the relationship of baptism to salvation, the Churches of Christ are sometimes regarded as holding to baptismal regeneration, which means that only Baptism saves the individual. However, Churches of Christ reject this criticism.
In Restoration theology, the agency of the Holy Spirit in salvation is viewed strictly in His inspiration of the scriptures which teach men what God has done and what they must do in order for salvation to occur. If one is saved, and does not continue in study of the scriptures, then the Holy Spirit's action on the individual cannot be fully effective. Therefore, baptism in the Churches of Christ is taught as obedience toward God and absolutely necessary (preceded by hearing, believing, confessing and repenting) which results in forgiveness of sins, and places the individual in a position to further obey God's commands, which if he faithfully performs till his death he will be granted entrance into Heaven and thus saved.