In Matthew 25: 31-46 Jesus teaches about the end of the age of grace. He will begin is Millennial reign, sitting on His thrown.
Greetins Van. I was reading over some of what you wrote and thought I'd make some comments.
Some have read this passage and conclude, mistakenly in my opinion, that Christ's division will be based on works.
I'm not sure which people you refer to that think the division "will be based on works". But for me, the general concept of the divisions in Matthew 25 are something similar to Romans 1:19-24 and Romans 2:11-16.
So you aren't guessing about what I mean, these are the key words in Romans 1 and Romans 2 that make the verses relevant for Matthew 25:31-46, imo.
Romans 1:
(1:18) "the wrath of God is revealed from heaven"
(1:19) "what may be known of God is manifest in them"... "God has shown it to them".
(1:20) "although they knew God, they did not glorify Him as God"
Romans 2:
(2:11) "as many as sinned without the law will also perish without law"
(2:14) "by nature do the things in the law, these, although not having the law, are a law to themselves"
(2:15) "show the work of the law written in their hearts"
(2:15) "their conscience also bearing witness"
(2:16) "God will judge the secrets of men by Jesus Christ, according to the gospel"
The Matthew 25 parable seems to me to follow the above mentioned verses in a particular way. That is, the examples given in Matthew seem to be examples of
'experiential situations that seem to guarantee
internal realizations that then are expected to
manifest in outward actions'.
(1) Experiential situations
(2) Internal realizations
(3) Outward actions
In the case of of Romans 1, the experiential situation is creation itself, the internal realization is knowing there is a God, and the accused were expected to "Glorify God", "give thanks" to God.
In Romans 2, it appears to suggest that
experiential situations manifest an internal realization of a 'natural law', that then an
outward action is expected (or condemns).
So when we look now at Matthew, it seems to me, we find the same thing. The text gives (1) Experiential situations, that it seems implied that there should be (2) internal realizations, that in turn some (3) outward actions are expected (someone might suggest these outward actions are like fruits).
Since the Matthew text seems to equate the outward action to doing it to Jesus. It would seem to follow that the missing component that may be implied is "knowing Jesus" or "believing" in Jesus... Matthew 25:12, "I do not know you". You did not know you were doing it to Jesus because you did not know Jesus. If you had known Him, then you would have known that you were doing it to, or against, Him.
I don't intend to suggest or forward whether this "knowing Jesus" is by election or faith (or both). Only that in the parable, those that acted like they didn't know they were doing what they did to Jesus, didn't know Jesus.
Peace to you brother.