Sounds like eschatology. Those that lean Post-Mill (#1) want to be active in politics/government. Those that lean Pre-Mill (#2) lean towards separation.There seems to be two main ideas. 1. Christians should involve themselves in politics in order to transform secular government to a more Christian view, to hold Christian values, and/or to be more accommodating to churches. 2. Christians are called to be in this world but not a part of it and therefore should separate themselves to an extent from the World, to include involvement with world powers as these powers are what we were warned about in Scripture.
An interesting side note is that while most Christians in the U.S are Pre-Mill, they vote as if they're Post-Mill.
I once heard it said that the Lord spreading Pre-Mill Christianity in droves to South America and Africa nowadays is one of the most Post-Mill things ever .