A sinner can be justified by God without being saved by Jesus Christ,
Absolutely NOT
Let's engage in a little exercise. Abraham lived 2000 years before Jesus Christ came into the world. I have already quoted the scriptures saying Abraham was justified by faith. What did Abraham believe? Well, we are taken back to Genesis15 because this is when the text says Abraham was justified by his believing what God said to him. It is stated clearly in Romans 4. Look.
3 For what saith the scripture? Abraham believed God, and it (= his believing) was counted unto him for righteousness.
I do not know how it could be said with more clarity, but if you can believe it, it is. Look here.
5 But to him that worketh not, but believeth on him that justifieth the ungodly, his faith is counted for righteousness.
What member of the trinity is Abraham believing. Answer. It is God. We know him today as "God the Father."
God the Father has imputed Abraham's believing what he said to him for righteousness. When that happened, the ungodly Abraham is no longer guilty because Abraham has committed the act of believing what God said to him. Now, Abraham has the righteousness that God requires of him and he is not guilty in God's eyes. What changed in Abraham that God declared him righteous, according to the text? Answer; He believed what God said to him.
So, there were two actions that took place and one followed the other. First, while in the state of being ungodly, Abraham heard what God said to him and his action was to believe what he heard. Next, God saw that Abraham believed what he said to him and imputed his believing for righteousness and declared him not guilty. A righteous man is not guilty. A man who is declared "justified" is not guilty.
It is important to know right here that this justification did not take Abraham's sins away. The scriptures clearly says that without the shedding of blood there is no remission of sins. It will be two thousand years before the blood of the perfect Lamb of God will die to take away sin. Here is what happened when he came.
Re 1:5 And from Jesus Christ, [who is] the faithful witness, [and] the first begotten of the dead, and the prince of the kings of the earth. Unto him that loved us, and washed us from our sins in his own blood,
So, what have we learned. We have learned that God has the power to justify a sinner by the divine act of imputing something that comes from the sinner for righteousness and the sinner can be declared "just." What is it that can be imputed to his account? It is faith. That is what the text tells us.What kind of faith? Believing from the heart. Look here.
Ro 6:17 But God be thanked, that ye were the servants of sin, but ye have obeyed
from the heart that form of doctrine which was delivered you.
Ro 10:8 But what saith it? The word is nigh thee, [even] in thy mouth, and
in thy heart: that is, the word of faith, which we preach;
9 That if thou shalt confess with thy mouth the Lord Jesus, and shalt believe
in thine heart that God hath raised him from the dead, thou shalt be saved.
10 For
with the heart man believeth unto righteousness; and with the mouth confession is made unto salvation.
11 For the scripture saith, Whosoever believeth on him (i
n thine heart) shall not be ashamed.
What exactly did Abraham believe? Are we told? The answer is yes, we are told.
20 He staggered not at the promise of God through unbelief; but was strong in faith, giving glory to God;
21 And being fully persuaded that, what he had promised, he was able also to perform.
22 And therefore it was imputed to him for righteousness.
What was the promise? It was that he and Sarah would have a child. This was made long after Sarah was past childbearing at 90 years old and Abraham was 100 years old. The evidence of Abraham's faith is that Sarah became pregnant and birthed a miraculous son.
17 (As it is written, I have made thee a father of many nations) before him whom he believed, [even] God, who quickeneth the dead, and calleth those things which be not as though they were.
18 Who against hope believed in hope, that he might become the father of many nations, according to that which was spoken, So shall thy seed be.
19 And being not weak in faith, he considered not his own body now dead, when he was about an hundred years old, neither yet the deadness of Sara’s womb:
20 He staggered not at the promise of God through unbelief; but was strong in faith, giving glory to God;
21 And being fully persuaded that, what he had promised, he was able also to perform.
This is what Abraham believed and the response of God was to impute his faith in what he promised for righteousness.
Now, After Jesus came, we today will not be believing the same thing Abraham believed. We have much more information and we must believe what God says to us. What does he say to us? Here it is. this is what he says to us.
23 Now it was not written for his sake alone, that it (faith/righteousness) was imputed to him;
24 But for us also, to whom it
shall be imputed, if we believe on him that raised up Jesus our Lord from the dead;
25 Who was delivered for our offences, and was raised again for our justification.
Things are different now. If we believe God, who says he will save us by believing in his Son, Jesus Christ, whom he has raised from the dead, by giving us his actual righteousness to dwell in our bodies, in the person of his Spirit, who is given to us as the gift of God when we believe in him..
22 And therefore it was imputed to him for righteousness.
1Co 1:30 But of him (God the Father) are ye in Christ Jesus, who of God is made unto us wisdom, and righteousness, and sanctification, and redemption:
I can show you when Abraham's sin were washed away, because they had to be washed away before he could be in the presence of God. I will do that next as well as showing that grace of declaring a guilty man righteous comes from God after the guilty man believed him. Therefore, it is of faith that it might be by grace.
Logic and reasoning and common sense will correct many errors and bad theology such as the Reformed practices. May the Lord Jesus Christ be high and lifted up and exalted in this conversation.