Baptists and reformers before the beginning of the 19th century considered the papcy to be Antichrist. This was hated by the papacy and they invented two alternative views to take the heat off the papacy. I apologise to my preterist friends, but I believe you are wrong. Their first try was by Alcazar.
PRETERISM
Another counter-interpretation to the Historicism held by Protestantism was proposed by the Spanish Jesuit
Luis De Alcazar (1554-1613), who also wrote a commentary called
Investigation of the Hidden Sense of the Apocalypse, which ran to some 900 pages. In it he proposed that it
allof Revelation applied to the era of pagan Rome and the first six centuries of Christianity. According to Alcazar (or Alcasar):
- Revelation chapters 1-11 describes the rejection of the Jews and the destruction of Jerusalem by the Romans.
- Revelation chapters 12 - 19 were the overthrow of Roman paganism (the great harlot) and the conversion of the empire to the church.
- Revelation 20 describe the final persecutions by Antichrist, who is identified as Caesar Nero (54-68 A.D.), and judgment.
- Revelation 21 -22 describe the triumph of the New Jerusalem, the Roman Catholic Church.
Again, Alcazar found no application of prophecy to the middle ages or to the papacy. That his interpretation differed so greatly from that put forth by Francisco Ribera or Cardinal Bellarmine, mattered little. Catholicism, the supposedly divine and infallible interpreter of scripture, was presenting two vastly different and quite incompatible interpretations of prophecy in a desperate effort to counter the claims of the reformers.
That didn't work to well so they invented futurism.
This was first intoduced to non catholism by Irving and one who I omitted before, Samuel Roffe Maitland who wrote a book in 1926. Maitland was librarian to the Archbisop of Canterbury. After writing that he met three clerics from Trinity College, Dublin. It is possible Darby was one of these as he was at the college at that time.
As I have already said, sun moon and stars in prophecy ar sybolic for leading people. Those references in Olivet were fulfilled with the overthrow of the Jewish leaders at the end of the Roman war.
The Futurists