I have not known a mutation to exhibit the emotion of cruelty. But there are many mutations that confer beneficial survival traits.
I was hearing this so often that I asked, on another board, for examples of mutations that were considered beneficial by the poster who made that claim. I did request they be in the animal kingdom and did not try to define any terms, so that the field could be as wide open as possible.
Polar bears' webbed feet were the first example. I looked on the web. There is NOTHING about them genetically to indicate that is a mutation and not a simple variation.
Then the Milan Apo-AIM mutation was brought up, and I said that I agreed that it seemed to be beneficial, but I did not see how it would confer evolutionary benefits; nevertheless I agreed it appeared to be beneficial and I would like to see more tests run on people and not just animals on this one for a definitive judgment. The fellow was upset that I was not totally agreeing, but the only human test I was able to find dealt with less than 50 subjects for a total of 6 weeks and that is just not enough to show something definitively. Nevertheless, it appears to be a positive mutation with no negative costs involved.
Then there was the mutation which resulted in more bone mass -- AND a deformed lower jaw with little bony protuberances inside the mouth.
Then there was the mutation which resulted in more muscle mass -- but work with the gene involved in this mutation resulted in reproduction problems in cattle. I am still not clear as to whether their work involved a similar effect as the mutation mentioned or not, the poster has gone off the wall on me.
But, folks, if this is the best evolution can come up with, it is bankrupt regarding those claims for beneficial mutations. The mutations, even if they seem beneficial in one way, are exacting what is called a 'cost' -- there are other effects that go along with them.
And this is not surprising, for we do not see one gene = one trait in genetics. It is most often the interplay of genes and timing mechanisms which produce most traits. Thus, in order to FORM a new trait, you need far more than a 'new' gene or a mutated one; you need a new set of interplays coordinated with timing mechanisms.
But to cause damage, you only need to mutate or knock out one gene. The effect is like knocking out a few teeth in the gear of a Swiss watch or even taking out the whole gear. That one gear did not define the movement of the watch -- it took all the gears. But disturb the workings of any one gear and there goes the watch.
Or the trait, when the analogy is plugged back into genetics.
And that is another reason evolution does not and cannot work. It is not a matter of this or that mutation -- it is a matter of coordination as much as anything else.