The current position from a scientific standpoint would be the process of abiogenesis.
Its essentially a process based in the science of organic chemistry. The basic premise is that organic chemicals bonded together on the primordial earth. After bonding, the existing energy in the environment induced the bonds to replicate into longer and longer molecules. Such molecules would later become encased in lipid spheres which are similar to cell walls which form in undersea thermal vents. Once the chain molecule was encased, it was protected and gave the molecule a safe place to grow until over time it developed into the first protocells.
Indeed, the current position is...
That position, like the laws of physics, will certainly change as scientists recognize their initial assumptions and tests led them down a wrong branch. Like Lewis and Clark, the search to go upstream and find the headwaters is filled with educated guesswork.
Ultimately the issue is not about the mechanisms used to adapt. The issue is whether the creator of life established the laws of nature and walked away or whether the creator remains active in his creation.
Science is too narrow and too ill equipped to answer this question. Thus, science falls under the umbrella of philosophy and fills its niche by seeking to answer how the mechanisms and laws function. It cannot answer the questions regarding the attributes of the Creator. It is, by design, incapable of answering the question of God's existence.
The arrogance in this matter is that person's who worship the narrow field of science actually imagine they can go outside their field and answer problems which they have no capacity to answer. Moreso, they imagine that only that which science can measure is actually real. Therefore they place their field of study on a pinnacle and claim they can know all. Such foolishness is laughable, yet the arrogant fools march on anyway, not knowing they march to their own gallow's.