Let me ask you a simple question. From the bible can we determine how long Paul was in Rome before he was executed? If so. What is the time period? And in that time did he not preach and teach? And if So. The simple result could be extended to Peter as well. Again. You choose to pick and sort through which facts you want which supports you already held belief rather than looking for the facts.
Paul wrote the epistle to the Romans ca. 57 A.D. (Note: no mention of Peter)
In his epistle he expresses his desire to visit Rome. Four years later he ended up in Rome. His voyage to Rome is described in the last few chapters of Acts. He lived in his own hired house for two years. Then, (62-63 A.D.) he wrote a number of his epistles. He was then freed for a period of time, at which time it is reasonable to believe that he may have traveled to Spain. He is imprisoned again between 66-68 A.D.
His last letter is 2Timothy, in which he writes to Timothy:
2 Timothy 4:6 For I am now ready to be offered, and the time of my departure is at hand.
--My departure is my death. "To be offered" is to be sacrificed, to be martyred.
2 Timothy 4:16 in my first defence no one stood with me, but all forsook me, (may it not be reckoned to them!) [Young's]
--He was set free the first time he appeared before Nero's court.
Now it is ca. 68 A.D., and he stands once again before Nero. He is ready to die, and he will. He is found guilty and is beheaded. This we know about Paul.
What do we know about Peter?
First we know that James was the pastor of the church at Jerusalem, not Peter.
Acts 15:13 And after they had held their peace,
James answered, saying, Men
and brethren, hearken unto me:
Acts 15:19 Wherefore
my sentence is, that we trouble not them, which from among the Gentiles are turned to God:
--James was the pastor of the church at Jerusalem. It was him that was giving his sentence (judgment). It was his final decision that mattered.
This council was held ca. 52 A.D.
However, that being said, we do know that Peter was present there.
Most agree that Peter died about the same time that Paul did, 68 A.D.
Again, Paul makes no mention of Peter in his epistle, though Peter mentions Paul in his second epistle. It would be a serious omission on Paul's part not to mention Peter, such an important figure if he was in Rome. Paul even mentions Aquilla and Priscilla where the church met.
The two epistles of Peter were written close together in time (62-63 A.D.).
The first one says that it was written from Babylon.
1 Peter 5:13 The
church that is at Babylon, elected together with
you, saluteth you; and
so doth Marcus my son.
--Peter is writing from Babylon. Look in chapter one. He is writing to the Jewish Christians that have been dispersed abroad. His theme is suffering--those believers that are undergoing persecution, and they were. They were undergoing intense persecution at the hands of Nero.
1 Peter 1:1 Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, to the strangers scattered throughout Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia,
--It is natural to take Babylon as a literal place considering who he is writing to. He also was one of the ones scattered by this persecution. Eventually, in just a few short years he also would be taken to Rome and martyred for his faith, just as Paul was.
He spent no time there as a pastor or bishop of any church.