I understand what you are saying. I was there myself for most of my life.JonC, I have really tried to understand your position. I’ve read the posts and the views of others, including agedman.
Bottom line, it seems you are making distinctions within passages when there really is no difference.
You rightly claim Jesus died for our sins. You then claim He was not our substitute.
You rightly claim God the Father gave Jesus as an offering. You then claim He was not our substitute.
The OT sacrificial system is based on PSA, even if those exact words aren’t used. Pauline doctrine is saturated with PSA language, even if that phrase isn’t used. It simply isn’t true that PSA is a modern doctrine since it is taught by Paul.
As others pointed out, we accept the doctrine of the Trinity, even though that word is never used in scripture.
I understand you believe it. I understand you believe God has given you that understanding
I am just as firmly convinced that PSA is biblical and that God has led me to that conclusion.
Peace to you
I am not saying that God did not lead you to your understanding. I think God leads us in directions to help us grow, but then we continue to grow.
We hold a worldview that lends itself to Penal Substitution Theory. But at some point I do believe we need to move on to a more biblical understanding.
There is a difference between saying Christ did something for us and saying this means He was our substitute.
It was difficult for me to understand initially. But it is really simple (perhaps this is why we find it so difficult). Just try reading Scripture for exactly what is in the text.