The payment and forgiveness of sin, or answer to the sin problem is redemption. which leads to justification (A judicial term which means declaired righteous or innocent)
I have to put this in, as a reference:
from:
http://www.ntslibrary.com/PDF Books II/Simmons - A Systematic Study of Bible Doctrine.pdf
III. THE MEANS Of JUSTIFICATION
Faith in the blood of Christ is the means of justification.
See Acts 13:89; Rom. 3:24,250; 5.1,9; Cal. 2:16.
It is well to note from these passages
that the faith by which we are justified is not faith
in the love, grace, and mercy of God;
but faith in that which the love, mercy,
and grace of God have provided, that is, the blood of Christ.
This fact throws further light upon the foregoing discussion.
It is by faith that justification is applied
and made experimental.
It is thus that we come into the enjoyment
of the benefits of Christ's atoning death.
Faith, as we have noted previously,
has no merit in and of itself.
Faith is not a full hand bestowing,
but an empty hand receiving.
Exercising faith is inward obedience.
It is because of this fact that the Scripture
alludes to
"the obedience of faith" (Rom. 16:26),
obedience to the gospel
(Rom. 10:16: 11 Thess. 1:8; 1 Pet. 4:17),
"obeying the truth" (1 Pet. 1: 22),
and obeying
"from the heart that form of doctrine
(Rom. 6:7).
But this is not meritorious obedience.
It is as fully without merit as is the act of a beggar
in eating food that has been given him.
Justification is by faith for the following reasons:
1. That it might be by grace. Rom. 4:16.
2. That boasting might be excluded. Rom. 3:27.
3. Because by faith we are identified with Christ
in the same manner that we were identified with Adam
by the natural birth. Acts 13:39-
-should read, "in Him" instead of "by Him";
1 Cor. 1:30; Eph. 2:5,6; 15:22; Col. 3:3; 1 John 4:17.
"Union with Adam and with Christ
is the ground of imputation.
But the parallelism is incomplete.
While the sin of Adam is imputed to us because it is ours,
the righteousness of Christ is imputed to us
simply because of our union with him,
not at all because of our personal righteousness.
In the one case, character is taken into account;
in the other, it is not.
In sin, our demerits are included;
in justification our merits are excluded"
(H. B. Smith, Presbyterian Review, July, 1881).
4. Because faith "worketh by love" (Gal. 5:6)
and is the medium by which Christ dwells in our heart
& (Eph. 3: 17-19; Gal. 2:20)
and by which we are progressively changed
into the image of Christ in our lives
(Rom. 1:17; 2 Cor. 3:18);
and thus we are prevented from
"turning the grace of God
into lasciviousness" (Jude 4).
"Now God has so constituted the soul that the affections,
and likewise the conscience, are affected and controlled by faith;
and the purity of the one and the integrity of the other,
and the activity of both, depend upon what a man believes;
this being true, no mind can avoid
the conviction that the principle of FAITH,
which Christ has laid at the foundation of the Christian system is,
from the nature of things, the only principle
through the operation of which man's moral powers
can be brought into happy, harmonious, and perfect activity"
(J. B. Walker, Philosophy of the Plan of Salvation, P. 177).
There is no conflict between James
and Paul on the matter of justification by faith.
Paul used the Greek word "dikaioo"
to mean "to declare, pronounce, one to be just, righteous,
or such as he ought to be,"
while James used the same word to mean
"to show, exhibit, evince, one to be righteous
or such as he ought to be."
Paul says that Abraham was justified,
in the sense that he uses the term, before circumcision
(Rom. 4:9,10);
while James says that Abraham was justified,
in the sense he uses the term, when he offered Isaac.
Reference to Gen. 17 reveals that Abraham
was circumcised a year before the birth of Isaac,
which is recorded in Gen. 21.
Isaac was approximately twenty-five years old
at the time Abraham offered him.
Thus is seen that Paul and James
were not talking about the same thing.
For other cases where the Greek word
is used in the same sense in which James uses it,
see Matt. 11:9 and I Tim. 3:16.
Moreover note that James affirmed with Paul
that
"Abraham believed God,
and it was reckoned unto him for righteousness"(Jas. 2:23).