Originally posted by Will J. Kinney:
Comments on 1 John 5:7
200 AD Tertullian quoted the verse in his Apology, Against Praxeas
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Archy posts:
Here's the actual quote:
"Thus the connection of the Father in the Son, and of the Son in the Paraclete, produces three coherent Persons, who are yet distinct One from Another. These Three are, one essence, not one Person, as it is said, “I and my Father are One,” in respect of unity of substance not singularity of number." (Tertullian, Against Praxeas, 25.1)
We can see that Tertullian describes the triune nature of God in this passage and clearly quotes Jn. 10:30, but it's not at all obvious that he's quoting the Comma. Tertullian's alleged citation must be set aside because of its extremely high degree of uncertainty.
Archy, I can see your point here with Tertullian, but even you admit it is not obvious that he is quoting the Comma (1 John 5:7) but the phrase "these three are one" does come from it. Debatable. I will give you this, but I think you really blow it in the next section.
Actually, the phrases "the three are one" and "these three are one" are natural and normal expressions which would be used to describe the unity of three things. Chrysostom used such a phrase to describe the unity of a man, woman, and child:
"Behold again a third ground of obligation; for he shows that a man leaving them that begat him, and from whom he was born, is knit to his wife; and that then the one flesh is, father, and mother, and the child, from the substance of the two commingled. For indeed by the commingling of their seeds is the child produced, so that THE THREE ARE ONE flesh." (Chrysostom,
Homily 20 on Ephesians).
Was Chrysostom quoting the Comma here? I don't think so.
You continue regarding Cyprian:
quote:
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250 AD Cyprian of Carthage, wrote, "And again, of the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost it is written: "And the three are One" in his On The Lapsed, On the Novatians. Note that Cyprian is quoting and says "it is written, And the three are One." He lived from 180 to 250 A.D. and the scriptures he had at that time contained the verse in question. This is at least 100 years before anything we have today in the Greek copies. If it wasn't part of Holy Scripture, then where did he get it?
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First of all, the alleged Cyprian citation is from On the Unity of the Catholic Church 6, and not from the works you cite. Secondly, Cyprian's alleged citation of the Comma is also uncertain because it's not at all clear whether the words he's actually quoting from 1 John are from the disputed Comma or from the undisputed sentence next to it."
Archy, I have heard this argument before. It seem you guys are so prejudiced that you can't even read plain sentences. Notice exactly what he says: "And again, of the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost it is written: "And the three are One"
Arch, it is so obvious. He is not saying "of the Spirit, and the water, and the blood, and these three agree in one" - that is the second part of the verse. Just LOOK at what he says!
Sorry, but it's not at all obvious. I'm looking at what Cyprian says, and more importantly, what he *doesn't* say. Cyprian is giving a Trinitarian interpretation to 1 Jn. 5:8, and in the way he has structured his sentence he distinguishes his own interpretive comment from the part he is actually citing from Scripture. He does not say, "It is written, [OPEN QUOTATION]: 'the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit: and the three are one.'"[CLOSE QUOTATION]. Instead, he says "of (i.e., "about, concerning," in his opinion) the Father and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit it is written, [OPEN QUOTATION] 'And the three are one'" [CLOSE QUOTATION]. The formula "it is written" introduces the actual quotation from 1 Jn. 5:8; what precedes are Cyprian's own remarks. Elsewhere in his writings Cyprian does the same thing -- he sets off the actual words of Scripture with the formula "it is written," but prefaces the quotation with a comment of his own which gives his interpretation of what the verse is about. In one instance his introductory comment gives Jesus' words in Jn. 3:5 a baptismal interpetation even though there is nothing in the Biblical text explicitly mentioning water baptism:
'And therefore it behoves those to be baptized who come from heresy to the Church, that so they who are prepared, in the lawful, and true, and only baptism of the holy Church, by divine regeneration, for the kingdom of God, may be born of both sacraments, because it is written, “Except a man be born of water and of the Spirit, he cannot enter into the kingdom of God.”' (
Epistle 72.21)
In another instance Cyprian understands Song of Sol. 5:2 as referring to the Christian Church even though the Biblical passage is from a Hebrew love poem which says absolutely nothing explicit about the Christian Church:
'...the Christian, even though he is asleep with his eyes, ought to be awake with his heart, as it is written in the person of the Church speaking in the Song of Songs,” I sleep, yet my heart waketh.”' (
On The Lord's Prayer 31)
Given that Cyprian clearly adds such interpretive comments elsewhere, it's simple to see how he could have taken John's words about the "Spirit, the water, and the blood" and given them a Trinitarian "spin" in a passage where he holds up the unity of the Godhead as an example for the unity of the Church.
Bottom line: it's not at all clear that Cyprian is quoting the Comma.