Hi again,
a bit more on the silence of the war-time Popes re the Holocaust.
For M. Phayer, “The question of the Pope’s silence is of theological interest because of the Pope’s claims to infallibility in matters of morality, and of historical interest because of the possible rescue of more Jews by Christians had the Pope intervened.”
[FONT="][/FONT]
Although the Catholic Church's leadership openly condemned many aspects of Nazi policy, it issued no official condemnation of the regime's eliminationalist persecution of the Jews, or of the signal events of the program. It did not officially protest the April 1933 boycott, the Nuremberg Laws, the depredations of
Kristallnacht, or even the Nazi's deportation of German Jews to their deaths.
[FONT="][/FONT]
The vast majority of lay Catholics, taught to look to their church for moral guidance, and not given the information to which their church was privy, responded to this deliberate silence with a silence of apathy. The Pope here failed in two fundamental areas. He failed the Jews when he withheld the moral and financial aid which was in his power to give them. He failed the Catholics when, having engendered a moral dependency upon himself, he withheld from them the information and council they needed to respond morally to the greatest evil of the age.
[FONT="][/FONT] As R. Landau wrote: “A strong and openly voiced papal line might have silenced those Catholic bishops throughout Europe who actively and fervently collaborated with their Nazi masters.”
[FONT="][/FONT] Catholic writer Francois Mauriac concluded: “We French Catholics ... never had the consolation of hearing Galilean Simon Peter’s successor clearly condemn the crucifixion of these innumerable ‘brethren of the lord’ in plain terms, not diplomatic allusions.”
[FONT="][/FONT] Albert Camus concurred:
During that time of terror, I waited a long time for a loud voice to be raised in Rome. I, the unbeliever? Yes, indeed, more than most. For I know that the spirit would be lost if, in the face of wanton power, it did not pronounce the sentence of condemnation. It is claimed that the voice was raised, but I swear that millions of people like me never heard it.
[FONT="][/FONT]
As early as 1940 Cardinal Eugene Tisserant had reproached the Vatican for its failure to provide moral leadership, while in 1943, Father Alfred Delp told a meeting of Bavarian clergy that the Church’s silence on the atrocities being committed in the east was endangering its own moral prestige.
[FONT="][/FONT] Richard Libowitz wrote:
I must say that I am a Jew; the subtleties of church politics are not my affair. I know only that an institution that has often proclaimed itself a moral watchdog for the world and has insisted upon the primacy of its ethical positions was silent, even as my people were being transported into the maw of Hell.
[FONT="][/FONT]
In 1939, Pius XII spoke of his duty to proclaim the truth. “In fulfillment of this duty, we shall not let ourselves be influenced by earthly considerations, nor held back by mistrust or opposition, by rebuffs or lack of appreciation of our words, nor yet by fear of misconceptions and misinterpretations.”
[FONT="][/FONT] Likewise, von Galen spoke in 1941: “I am called upon ... courageously to represent the authority of the law and to brand as an injustice crying to heaven the condemnation of defenceless innocents.”
[FONT="][/FONT] As seen, however, this policy was not applied when it came to the Jews. As early as 1935, Jesuit Father Pribilla had condemned the policy of silence in order “to prevent worse.” “For ultimately, the worst that could really happen is that truth and justice would no longer find spokesmen and martyrs on earth.”
[FONT="][/FONT]
[FONT="]Jan Karski, who risked his life to get the news to the Pope, wrote later: “The Lord assigned me a role to speak and write during the war, when, as it seemed to me, it might help. It did not”.
[FONT="][/FONT][/FONT]
In April 1933, the Jewish Christian nun and philosopher, Edith Stein had written to the Pope asking for an encyclical,
[FONT="][/FONT] “in view of the indifference of Catholics to the growing vexations against the Jews.”
[FONT="][/FONT] In her letter, she asked the Pope to “deplore the hatred, persecution and displays of anti-Semitism directed against the Jews at any time and from any source.”
[FONT="][/FONT] No such encyclical was given in her life time. Nine years later, in 1942, she herself became a victim of the crime the popes had not denounced. In 1937, she wrote in her diary:
I know that my letter was sealed when it was delivered to the Holy Father ... I even received his blessing for myself and my loved ones, but nothing else came of it. Is it not possible that he recalled my letter later on? My fears ... have been gradually realized in the course of the years that followed.
[FONT="][/FONT]
[FONT="][/FONT]
[FONT="]
[FONT="][/FONT] [/FONT]
[FONT="][/FONT]
[FONT="][/FONT]
.