The generation of jews that Jesus came to, did not indeed believe because of their hardness and blindness - we are in agreement on that.
Rom 11:7 What then? Israel hath not obtained that which he seeketh for; but the election hath obtained it, and the rest were blinded
Rom 11:8 (According as it is written, God hath given them the spirit of slumber, eyes that they should not see, and ears that they should not hear) unto this day.
Rom 11:9 And David saith, Let their table be made a snare, and a trap, and a stumblingblock, and a recompence unto them:
Rom 11:10 Let their eyes be darkened, that they may not see, and bow down their back alway.
Who has blinded them and given them the spirit of slumber? God.
The better question is "when" did he do it and for what purpose.It is in Matt chapter 13 that he begins to speak in parables to the multitude instead of plainly to the Jewish rulers. This is his method of blinding them. Matthew 13 is a transition time near the end of his ministry. The Purpose of his blinding their mind is because of the curse he had placed on that generation of Jewish rulers because they not only would not believe in him but devised a means of killing him. See the parable I am posting at the end of this post.. He would not save them.It will take divine revelation to understand the mysteries he began to expound. That is true for the Jews then and for us today.
And who were those who obtained the righteousness of God without being so blinded? The elect jews.
The elect Jews are identified as the "remnant according to the election of grace," the few who did believe on Jesus Christ and were born again of his Spirit. The fact of the remnant, a theme of the OT prophets, makes us understand that Jesus Christ was coming at the end of the world and the fullness of time to fulfill the law and the prophets. He had made promises to this nation of people in covenants and declarations.He did not fulfill those promises, except for those concerning his suffering and the sending of his Spirit to Israel. The very fact that his intention was to save the whole nation as a collective "one" under the principle of "promise" but saved only a few on the principle of grace should be very instructive to us all.
And on what basis were these jews elected? By grace and not works.
By grace and not by works of the Mosaic law. This was written in AD 58. This is 28 years after Jesus Christ had risen from the dead and ascended to heaven. It is 18 years after the first gentiles experienced the grace of God in Acts 10. The history of the NT had unfolded between Acts 1 and Acts 18 when Paul wrote these words. Gentiles had been the object of Jewish evangelism since Acts 10. Paul said this about the remnant of Jews in Rom 9 and the same man who said about those who were saved also said in Rom 10 these words about those who were not saved;
Rom 10:1Brethren, my heart's desire and prayer to God for Israel is, that they might be saved.
He goes on to say they were not saved because they held on to the principle of law for their salvation. He also said this, remembering the time line;
Rom10:21 But to Israel he saith, All day long I have stretched forth my hands unto a disobedient and gainsaying people.
Do you believe that ivdavid? Do you believe God had his arms outstretched to Israel as a father to his son in AD 58?
How is election assuredly by grace and not works? by electing before any man's good or evil, before they were even born.
Election is possible because Jesus Christ took away the sin of the world according to Heb 9:26 and other statements from God and because of which he does not impute sin to men, something the Reformed denies. God was propitiated by the blood of Christ on behalf of all men, he says.
How can the effect logically occur before the cause?
Because he chose Christ before the foundation of the world and we are one with him. He did not choose me as a separate entity.
The works of the Godhead, all in Rom 8
Christ died for sinners
The Father justifies the sinners who believes
The Spirit quickens the sinner whom the Father justifies and places him in Christ..
Lk 14:16 Then said he unto him, A certain man made a great supper, and bade many:
17 And sent his servant at supper time to say to them that were bidden, Come; for all things are now ready.(supper time is at the end of the day)
18 And they all with one consent began to make excuse. The first said unto him, I have bought a piece of ground, and I must needs go and see it: I pray thee have me excused.
19 And another said, I have bought five yoke of oxen, and I go to prove them: I pray thee have me excused.
20 And another said, I have married a wife, and therefore I cannot come.
21 So that servant came, and shewed his lord these things. Then the master of the house being angry said to his servant, Go out quickly into the streets and lanes of the city, and bring in hither the poor, and the maimed, and the halt, and the blind.
22 And the servant said, Lord, it is done as thou hast commanded, and yet there is room.
23 And the lord said unto the servant, Go out into the highways and hedges, and compel them to come in, that my house may be filled.
24 For I say unto you, That none of those men which were bidden shall taste of my supper.