Wrestling.
No great boxer will ever beat a great wrestler.
No Karate or Muay Thai fighter stands a chance against a wrestler unless they have very good wrestling defense themselves- and that is not easy to develop.
The only fighting style that comes close is Brazilian Jiu Jitsu but with a little submission defense training added, the wrestler still has a significant advantage.
Wrestlers dominate the UFC with few exceptions.
Now all of that is a bit over-simplistic today, because few fighters are sticking strictly to their styles. Wrestlers have to learn a good deal of stand-up to be relevant. ALL fighting styles have to add a good bit of wrestling in order to be relevant.
But if you set a pure fighting style against another, I think wrestling (greco-roman or shoot) is the most effective.
Meh.... that's why it is good to be well-rounded. I'm from a family that sent two kids to State in highschool wrestling. It is good to know and it will help you scramble, but if you want to be well-rounded, then you'd better make sure that your punches count and spend some time on standup and grounfighting. But if I could go back to highschool, I'd have trained harder in wrestling.
EDIT: reinforcing your point by example: my coworker's kid is a phenomenal college wrestler and is a blue belt in BJJ. He mops the floor with purple belts and some of the brown belts. And he uses wrestling to do it. Which makes his coach (Jorge Gurgel) a little upset. At the end of the day, this kid is a physical specimen! He out-wrestles and out-Crossfits Rich Franklin. Only here in Cincinnati, baby!!!
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