Sin To Death
“These things I have written to you who believe in the Name of the Son of God, so that you may know that you have eternal life. This is the confidence which we have before Him, that, if we ask anything according to His will, He hears us. And if we know that He hears us in whatever we ask, we know that we have the requests which we have asked from Him. If anyone sees his brother committing a sin not leading to death, he shall ask and God will for him give life to those who commit sin not leading to death. There is a sin leading to death; I do not say that he should make request for this. All unrighteousness is sin, and there is a sin not leading to death” (1 John 5:13-17)
Firstly, it is very clear from this passage, that these words are addressed directly to born-again believers, and not to the whole world. We read, “you who believe in the Name of the Son of God”, and, “you have eternal life”, and, “if we ask anything according to His will, He hears us”, and, “brother”. All of this can only be used for a truly saved person.
Secondly, it is also clear, that a saved person (brother/sister), can commit “a sin leading to death”. The context is “eternal life”, which makes this “death”, spiritual, and not physical.
Thirdly, this “spiritual death” that a born-again Christian commits, is so grave, that John says that there is no point in seeking the Lord’s forgiveness, as it is not possible.
Fourthly, John does not give any further details on what this “sin to [eternal] death” is.
Fifthly, we must look elsewhere in the Bible to understand what John means. On passage that will shed some light on what John is saying, is Hebrews chapter 10, verses 18-31:
“Now where there is forgiveness of these, there is no longer an offering for sin. Therefore, brothers, since we have boldness to enter the sanctuary through the blood of Jesus, by the new and living way that He has inaugurated for us, through the curtain (that is, His flesh); and since we have a great high priest over the house of God, let us draw near with a true heart in full assurance of faith, our hearts sprinkled clean from an evil conscience and our bodies washed in pure water. Let us hold on to the confession of our hope without wavering, for He who promised is faithful. And let us be concerned about one another in order to promote love and good works, not staying away from our meetings, as some habitually do, but encouraging each other, and all the more as you see the day drawing near. For if we deliberately sin after receiving the knowledge of the truth, there no longer remains a sacrifice for sins, but a terrifying expectation of judgment, and the fury of a fire about to consume the adversaries. If anyone disregards Moses' law, he dies without mercy, based on the testimony of two or three witnesses. How much worse punishment, do you think one will deserve who has trampled on the Son of God, regarded as profane the blood of the covenant by which he was sanctified, and insulted the Spirit of grace? For we know the One who has said, Vengeance belongs to Me, I will repay, and again, The Lord will judge His people. It is a terrifying thing to fall into the hands of the living God”
The language here is very clear, that none of it refers to an unsaved person, or, a casual or professing “believer”; but, rather to a person who has been truly converted, and “sanctified” by God the Holy Spirit. Some of these, as is also clear, can indeed fall into a state of spiritual rebellion, and thereby insult the Holy Spirit, Who gave them the new Birth.
Another passage, is also from Hebrews chapter 3, where we read:
“Take heed, brethren, lest haply there shall be in any one of you an evil heart of unbelief, in falling away (Greek, aphístēmi, to revolt, depart from, withdraw) from the Living God: but exhort one another day by day, so long as it is called Today; lest any one of you be hardened by the deceitfulness of sin: for we are become partakers of Christ, if we hold fast the beginning of our confidence firm unto the end: while it is said, Today if ye shall hear his voice, Harden not your hearts, as in the provocation. For who, when they heard, did provoke? nay, did not all they that came out of Egypt by Moses? And with whom was he displeased forty years? was it not with them that sinned, whose bodies fell in the wilderness? And to whom sware he that they should not enter into His rest, but to them that were disobedient? And we see that they were not able to enter in because of unbelief” (verses 12-19)
Again, the language used here can only be for a truly saved person. It is clear that a truly saved person can so “back-slide” from the Lord, that they have an “evil heart of unbelief”, that results in them “falling away from the Living God”. They are clearly deceived by their sinfulness, which causes their saved hearts to become hardened towards the Lord, and the prompting of the Holy Spirit. These are warned that they are disobedient to the Lord, and that the result of this disobedience, is that they will “not enter into His rest”, which is here eternal life. Their sinfulness is so serious, that their once “belief” turns into “unbelief”. They are encouraged to “hold fast the beginning of our confidence firm unto the end”, which says that there is a real danger that this can be lost.
Jesus Himself warned of this in Matthew chapter 24:
“Then they will hand you over for persecution, and they will kill you. You will be hated by all nations because of My name. Then many will take offense, betray one another and hate one another. Many false prophets will rise up and deceive many. Because lawlessness will multiply, the love of many will grow cold. But the one who endures to the end will be saved” (verses 9-13)
Similarly, in Revelation 3:5, Jesus also warns:
“He who overcomes will thus be clothed in white garments; and I will not erase his name from the book of life, and I will confess his name before My Father and before His angels”
Taking these words with what Jesus says in Matthew, asks the question, what of those who do not overcome?
These, and other passages are clear warnings, that a truly born-again person can indeed be lost, and end up in eternal punishment. Those who will argue against this because of their “theology”, must take these serious warnings as nothing more that empty words!