Well here you just ask a false question as a veiled accusation.
Scripture offers everything that I have presented. God was not silent on the covenants and how they point us to Christ as our substitute.
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I know this horse is dead as dead can be....
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Scripture offers everything that I have presented. God was not silent on the covenants and how they point us to Christ as our substitute.
Because Penal Substitution is not Christ giving His soul as a ransom for many. It is not even Christ giving His soul for a ransom instead of many.
It is God punishing Jesus (or our sins on Him), Christ experiencing God's wrath, Christ experiencing this instead of us experiencing it, sins being transferred from the guilty to the innocent, and a redemption through the law by God expelling His wrath.....all of which is unsupported by Scripture.
I apologize. I did not mean to veil the accusation.
I posted Scripture. Your complaint is I offer too little. Truth is, I offer nothing at all. I just point to God's Word
You indicated that you do not believe redemption to be God's righteousness manifested apart from the law, stating that God's righteousness is never manifested apart from the law but through it. BUT I was quoting that passage you reject.
Also, you indicated there are things you believe, things you see as vital to your faith, that are foreign to the actual text of Scripture.
How is this not denying the adequacy of Scripture?
Do you believe in the Trinity, Jon? If so, why?
There are things we believe because the whole of scripture make them true.
God's expression of his relationship to Covenants that are secured in blood is provided throughout the Bible. God's expression of a perfect Lamb substituting for the sins of His chosen ones runs throughout the Bible. Why you would want to ignore this or explain it away is beyond me. Why not embrace what God reveals to you? Why look for disjointed verses to create something that the Bible does not say? (Yes, that is what you have done. You have not, despite your claim, just provided scripture and nothing else.)
I do.
The reason why is this is stated in the text of Scripture.
God is One
Deuteronomy 6:4
“Hear, O Israel! The Lord is our God, the Lord is one!
Mark 12:29
Jesus answered, “The foremost is, ‘Hear, O Israel! The Lord our God is one Lord;
Mark 12:32
The scribe said to Him, “Right, Teacher; You have truly stated that He is One, and there is no one else besides Him;
The Father is God
1 Corinthians 8:6
Yet for us there is one God, the Father, from whom are all things and for whom we exist, and one Lord, Jesus Christ, through whom are all things and through whom we exist.
Ephesians 4:6
One God and Father of all, who is over all and through all and in all.
Matthew 23:9
And call no man your father on earth, for you have one Father, who is in heaven.
Jesus is God
Isaiah 43:10,11 - “You are My witnesses,” says the Lord, “And My servant whom I have chosen, That you may know and believe Me, and understand that I am He. Before Me there was no God formed, Nor shall there be after Me. I, even I, am the Lord, and besides Me there is no Savior.”
John 1:1-3 - In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. He was in the beginning with God. All things were made through Him, and without Him nothing was made that was made... 1:14 - And the Word became flesh and dwelt among us,
John 10:30 Jesus answered them, “I and My Father are one.”
Colossians 2:9 - For in Him dwells all the fullness of the Godhead bodily
1 Timothy 3:16 - And without controversy great is the mystery of godliness: God was manifested in the flesh, Justified in the Spirit, Seen by angels, Preached among the Gentiles, Believed on in the world, Received up in glory.
The Holy Ghost is God's Spirit
Now the Lord is the Spirit, and where the Spirit of the Lord is, there is freedom. 2 Corinthians 3:17
And do not grieve the Holy Spirit of God, with whom you were sealed for the day of redemption. Ephesians 4:3
And I will put my Spirit in you and move you to follow my decrees and be careful to keep my laws. Ezekiel 36:27
BUT you cannot do that with your faith. That is the issue.
Unfortunately, you have just proved that you not understand John 19:30 and are therefore in no position to agree or disagree with it.
The word teleo, translated ‘finished’ in John 19:30, appears quite a few times in the New Testament and has some very interesting meanings :-
Matt 11:1, A.V. ‘…..When Jesus had made an end of commanding his twelve disciples…..’
Matt 17:24. “Does your Teacher not pay the temple tax?”
Luke 2:39. ‘So when they had performed all things according to the law of the Lord…..’
Luke 18:31. ‘…..And all the things that are written by the prophets concerning the Son of Man will be accomplished.’
So what was made an end of at the cross? Our sins, the guilt of them and their very memory in the mind of God (Jeremiah 31:34).
What was paid? The price of our redemption. ‘Christ has redeemed us from the curse of the law, having become a curse for us’ (Gal 3:13).
What was performed? All the righteous requirements of the law.
What was accomplished? All the work that the Father had given Christ to do (John 17:4).
There are at least seven things that we may see finished, fulfilled, paid or accomplished at the cross, if we will but look for them. Here's the first one as a taster:
On the cross we may see the fulfilment of all the prophesies which had been written of the Messiah in the Old Testament. He was ‘Despised and rejected of men’ (Isaiah 53:3); ‘Hated without a cause’ (Psalm 69:4); ‘Led as a lamb to the slaughter’ (Isaiah 53:7); His hands and feet were pierced (Psalms 22:16); He was forsaken by God (Psalms 22:1); He was ‘numbered with the transgressors’ (Isaiah 53:12); His clothes were distributed by lot (Psalms 22:18); He was mocked by passers-by (Psalms 109:25), taunted because God did not deliver Him (Psalms 22:7) and, finally, given vinegar to drink (John 19:28; Psalms 69:21). To be sure, there remained a few prophesies concerning Him that could only be fulfilled after His death, such as the piercing of His side (Zechariah 12:10), His bones not being broken (Psalms 34:20) and His being placed in a rich man’s grave (Isaiah 53:9), but all that needed to be done before His death had now been done and so, ‘When Jesus had received the sour wine [not before], He said “It is finished!” And bowing His head, He gave up His spirit (v30). Note that it was He who gave up His spirit; no one can kill God. “Therefore My Father loves Me, because I lay down My life that In may take it up again. No one takes it from Me but I lay it down of Myself” (John 10:17-18). Having fulfilled all the prophesies, He dismissed His Spirit.
Uh....there is a difference. Scripture states in its text (in "what is written") the doctrine of theTrinity.
It does not state your belief.
There are things we believe that are not in Scripture. BUT for you these are foundational things, things of utmost importance, things upon which you construct doctrine.
That is wrong.
The end does not mean "paid". You prove you are reading into Scripture. Anybody can do this to support all kinds of strange belief.
Why can't you just stick with the Bible???
Why does it not mean "paid"?
Of course, as you look at my post again, you will see that teleo does indeed sometimes mean "pay".
Also Romans 13:6. For because of this you also pay taxes......'
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How does it mean "paid"???? You are reading into the passage.
τελέω means completed or finished. When applied to paying taxes, it means the taxes are completed. We say they are "paid" because that is the idea of completing the taxes (they were completed when they were paid).
Just look at what you aee doing!!!! Look at your logic.
Christ said "it is finished".
When taxes were paid the Jews considered the taxes to be completed or finished.
Therefore Christ was really saying "it is paid".
This is pure eisegesis.
No. You are performing eisogesis. To be sure, when one pays a bill, the transaction is completed, but that doesn't mean that the word doesn't mean "paid." Don't be so silly! All over the Mediterranean, bills of shipping or lading have been discovered by archaeologists with tetelestai stamped on them - "Paid in full.'
This is the meaning of Colossians 2:13-14. '........Having forgiven us all our trespasses, by cancelling the record of debt [bill, invoice] that stood against us with its legal demands. This he set aside, nailing it to the cross.' At the cross the debt was paid. Tetelestai, 'paid in Full.'
When Jesus says "it is finished" He is stating that the moral, ceremonial, and civic laws of the old covenant are paid in full. He is ushering in the New Covenant with his death. All of this is covenantal language.
Compare:
Exodus 24:1-11
Then he said to Moses, “Come up to the Lord, you and Aaron, Nadab, and Abihu, and seventy of the elders of Israel, and worship from afar. Moses alone shall come near to the Lord, but the others shall not come near, and the people shall not come up with him.” Moses came and told the people all the words of the Lord and all the rules. And all the people answered with one voice and said, “All the words that the Lord has spoken we will do.” And Moses wrote down all the words of the Lord. He rose early in the morning and built an altar at the foot of the mountain, and twelve pillars, according to the twelve tribes of Israel. And he sent young men of the people of Israel, who offered burnt offerings and sacrificed peace offerings of oxen to the Lord. And Moses took half of the blood and put it in basins, and half of the blood he threw against the altar. Then he took the Book of the Covenant and read it in the hearing of the people. And they said, “All that the Lord has spoken we will do, and we will be obedient.” And Moses took the blood and threw it on the people and said, “Behold the blood of the covenant that the Lord has made with you in accordance with all these words.” Then Moses and Aaron, Nadab, and Abihu, and seventy of the elders of Israel went up, and they saw the God of Israel. There was under his feet as it were a pavement of sapphire stone, like the very heaven for clearness. And he did not lay his hand on the chief men of the people of Israel; they beheld God, and ate and drank.
Luke 22:10-20
He said to them, “Behold, when you have entered the city, a man carrying a jar of water will meet you. Follow him into the house that he enters and tell the master of the house, ‘The Teacher says to you, Where is the guest room, where I may eat the Passover with my disciples?’ And he will show you a large upper room furnished; prepare it there.” And they went and found it just as he had told them, and they prepared the Passover. And when the hour came, he reclined at table, and the apostles with him. And he said to them, “I have earnestly desired to eat this Passover with you before I suffer. For I tell you I will not eat ituntil it is fulfilled in the kingdom of God.” And he took a cup, and when he had given thanks he said, “Take this, and divide it among yourselves. For I tell you that from now on I will not drink of the fruit of the vine until the kingdom of God comes.” And he took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it and gave it to them, saying, “This is my body, which is given for you. Do this in remembrance of me.” And likewise the cup after they had eaten, saying, “This cup that is poured out for you is the new covenant in my blood.
Just as God brought the elders up the mountain to have a covenantal meal to inaugurate the Old Covenant and then Moses went farther for God to write it in stone, so Jesus brought his disciples up to the upper room to eat the meal of the New Covenant and then Jesus went farther up to seal it with his atoning sacrifice.
This is not something being made up. This is not wishful thinking. This is God showing us how he forms covenants with His people.
Your logic is flawed. Tetelestai means it is finished or completed.
It does mean that whatever was required has been met. If it is a bill, then it has been fulfilled. If it is a trip, you have arrived. If it is a mission, it is accomplished.
So of course they are stamped Tetelestai.
You are an example of exactly why Penal Substitution Theory is dangerous to the church.
You partially right, oddly enough. What you got wrong is what ypu have added. Look at your conclusions based on your "evidence". They do not quite line up.
Because they have been paid.
I tell you what; find me a Bible translation that doesn't translate Matthew 17:24 and Romans 13:6 as "pay." If it is such a terrible error you should be able to find plenty of them. You like the ESV. Have a look at that and tell us all what it says.Your penal substitution theory may well be dangerous to the Church. The Biblical Doctrine of Penal Substitution is vital to the churches.
Here are a few other things we see at the cross.
On the cross we see the completion of all our Lord's sufferings. We are told that all His life our Saviour was ‘A Man of sorrows and acquainted with grief,’ He declared, “I am afflicted and ready to die from My youth up” (Psalms 88:15). From His earliest days, the shadow of the cross hung over Him. In His conversation with Nicodemus He spoke that, “the Son of Man must be lifted up” (John 3:14) and again, ‘“And I, if I am lifted up from the earth will draw all peoples to Myself.” This He said, signifying by what death He would die’ (John 12:32-33). When Peter confessed that He was indeed the Christ, ‘From that time Jesus began to show to His disciples that He must go to Jerusalem and suffer many things’ (Matthew 16:21). On the mount of transfiguration, He was speaking with Moses and Elijah, ‘Of His decease which He was about to accomplish (Gk. teleo) at Jerusalem’ (Luke 9:31). The cross was always before Him, and though He naturally shrank from it as a Man, yet He pressed steadily on towards it (Luke 9:51; John 18:11). “Shall I not drink the cup which My father has given Me?” And drink it He did, right down to the dregs. His physical sufferings must have been immense, but they were as nothing compared to the spiritual and mental tortures that God laid upon Him. All the sins of His people, all our wickedness and vileness, were laid upon His sinless shoulders (2Cor 5:21); He became the very epitome of sin. And the Father turned away. The Lord Jesus had said, “Yet I am not alone, because the Father is always with Me’ (John 16:32), and at Gethsemane an angel was dispatched to strengthen Him.. But on the cross the Father, who cannot look upon wickedness (Hab 1:13) had turned away from Him, and the sun had darkened and the weight of sin upon Him became intolerable, and He cried out, “My God, My God, why have You forsaken Me?”
‘We may not know, we cannot tell, what pains He had to bear;
But we believe it was for us He hung and suffered there.’
But now, the hours of darkness have passed, atonement has been made. “It is finished!” His sufferings are completed.
On the cross we see the purpose of His coming attained. Before the Lord Jesus came to earth- indeed, before the very foundation of the world- He had been given a task by the Father. “Behold I come; in the scroll of the book it is written of Me, I delight to do Your will, O My God” (Psalms 40:8). As a boy of twelve He told His earthly parents, “Don’t you know that I must be about My Father’s business?” At the start of His ministry on earth, He declared, “The works My Father has given Me to finish, these I do” (John 5:36). Under the shadow of the cross He told His Father, “I have glorified You on the earth. I have finished the work You have given Me to do” (John 17:4). There on the cross, the divinely-given task was achieved. The Father’s will was done. ‘Yet it pleased the LORD to bruise Him; He has put Him to grief’ (Isaiah 53:10). The Pharisees, the priests, Pilate, Herod, the Roman soldiers, they all performed their wicked parts in the death of our Lord; yet they only did what God’s own counsel had decreed before ever time was (Acts of the Apostles 4:28). The Lord Jesus performed what the Father had ordained, and there on the cross, it was completed.
On the Cross we can see the accomplishment of the Atonement. ‘For the Son of Man has come to save that which was lost’ (Matthew 18:11). The Lord Jesus came, above all other things, to save. We owe a debt that we cannot possibly pay- a debt of righteousness which we do not possess. We need a Mediator to come between us and an offended God; we need a city of refuge to which we can run; we need an ark to shelter us from the waves of God’s righteous anger against sin; an advocate to plead our cause before God and to satisfy His outraged justice; we need a robe of perfect righteousness to cover all our sins, a surety to pay our debts on our behalf. The Lord Jesus is all these things for us. He has come between us and God’s justice. He is our refuge, our Surety who has paid the last farthing of what we owe. Tetelestai. ‘It has been paid.’ He is our covering for sin and He is our great High Priest who has offered the one perfect sacrifice for sin, acceptable to God. It is finished.
On the cross we see the completion of all our Lord's sufferings. We are told that all His life our Saviour was ‘A Man of sorrows and acquainted with grief,’ He declared, “I am afflicted and ready to die from My youth up” (Psalms 88:15). From His earliest days, the shadow of the cross hung over Him. In His conversation with Nicodemus He spoke that, “the Son of Man must be lifted up” (John 3:14) and again, ‘“And I, if I am lifted up from the earth will draw all peoples to Myself.” This He said, signifying by what death He would die’ (John 12:32-33). When Peter confessed that He was indeed the Christ, ‘From that time Jesus began to show to His disciples that He must go to Jerusalem and suffer many things’ (Matthew 16:21). On the mount of transfiguration, He was speaking with Moses and Elijah, ‘Of His decease which He was about to accomplish (Gk. teleo) at Jerusalem’ (Luke 9:31). The cross was always before Him, and though He naturally shrank from it as a Man, yet He pressed steadily on towards it (Luke 9:51; John 18:11). “Shall I not drink the cup which My father has given Me?” And drink it He did, right down to the dregs. His physical sufferings must have been immense, but they were as nothing compared to the spiritual and mental tortures that God laid upon Him. All the sins of His people, all our wickedness and vileness, were laid upon His sinless shoulders (2Cor 5:21); He became the very epitome of sin. And the Father turned away. The Lord Jesus had said, “Yet I am not alone, because the Father is always with Me’ (John 16:32), and at Gethsemane an angel was dispatched to strengthen Him.. But on the cross the Father, who cannot look upon wickedness (Hab 1:13) had turned away from Him, and the sun had darkened and the weight of sin upon Him became intolerable, and He cried out, “My God, My God, why have You forsaken Me?”
‘We may not know, we cannot tell, what pains He had to bear;
But we believe it was for us He hung and suffered there.’
But now, the hours of darkness have passed, atonement has been made. “It is finished!” His sufferings are completed.
On the cross we see the purpose of His coming attained. Before the Lord Jesus came to earth- indeed, before the very foundation of the world- He had been given a task by the Father. “Behold I come; in the scroll of the book it is written of Me, I delight to do Your will, O My God” (Psalms 40:8). As a boy of twelve He told His earthly parents, “Don’t you know that I must be about My Father’s business?” At the start of His ministry on earth, He declared, “The works My Father has given Me to finish, these I do” (John 5:36). Under the shadow of the cross He told His Father, “I have glorified You on the earth. I have finished the work You have given Me to do” (John 17:4). There on the cross, the divinely-given task was achieved. The Father’s will was done. ‘Yet it pleased the LORD to bruise Him; He has put Him to grief’ (Isaiah 53:10). The Pharisees, the priests, Pilate, Herod, the Roman soldiers, they all performed their wicked parts in the death of our Lord; yet they only did what God’s own counsel had decreed before ever time was (Acts of the Apostles 4:28). The Lord Jesus performed what the Father had ordained, and there on the cross, it was completed.
On the Cross we can see the accomplishment of the Atonement. ‘For the Son of Man has come to save that which was lost’ (Matthew 18:11). The Lord Jesus came, above all other things, to save. We owe a debt that we cannot possibly pay- a debt of righteousness which we do not possess. We need a Mediator to come between us and an offended God; we need a city of refuge to which we can run; we need an ark to shelter us from the waves of God’s righteous anger against sin; an advocate to plead our cause before God and to satisfy His outraged justice; we need a robe of perfect righteousness to cover all our sins, a surety to pay our debts on our behalf. The Lord Jesus is all these things for us. He has come between us and God’s justice. He is our refuge, our Surety who has paid the last farthing of what we owe. Tetelestai. ‘It has been paid.’ He is our covering for sin and He is our great High Priest who has offered the one perfect sacrifice for sin, acceptable to God. It is finished.
The issue is not whether the taxes were completed. They were, and this means they were paid because we are talking about taxes.Because they have been paid.
Your penal substitution theory may well be dangerous to the Church. The Biblical Doctrine of Penal Substitution is vital to the churches.
Were we talking about a flight then it woukd mean "landed". If we were talking about a race then it'd mean "concluded".
Unless you really believe Jesus was paying your taxes on the cross you have no leg upon which to stand.
Your argument here is foolish, if you ate being serious. Given just how foolish I suspect you are joking.
A few more things we may see at the cross.
On the Cross we can see the end of all our sins. ‘And the LORD has laid on Him the iniquity of us all’ (Isaiah 53:6). If my iniquities have been laid upon Christ they are no longer on me. To be sure, there is still sin in me for I still carry the relic of my old Adamic nature and In will do until I die and shed this old body forever, but there is no more sin on me. I am no longer under condemnation. Why not? Because someone else has borne my punishment; someone else has taken the blame. ‘[He] Himself bore our sins in His own body on the tree’ (1Peter 2:24). It is a principle of the law that you can only be punished once for the same offence. If someone else has taken my punishment, I am no longer under its penalty. If someone has taken on my debt I am no longer liable to pay it. On the Day of Atonement, the High Priest placed his hands upon a live goat, symbolically transferring to it all the sins of the Israelites, before releasing it into the desert. This looked forward to the day when God the Father would lay all our sins upon the Lord Jesus Christ and He would take them away. But what of future sins? Will I still incur the guilt of these? By no means! This is the wonder of the atonement- not only are our sins laid upon Christ, but His perfect obedience and righteousness are credited to us who believe. ‘For He has made Him who know no sin to be sin for us, that we might become the righteousness of God in Him’ (2Cor 5:21. cf. also Rom 5:19; 1Cor 1:30).
An anonymous writer of the early Christian era expresses the wonder of the atonement so well:
‘He Himself took upon Him our sins, Himself gave His own Son as a ransom for us…….For what could cover our sins but His righteousness? In whom was it possible for us, lawless and impious as we were, to be justified, save only in the Son of God? Oh, sweet exchange and unsearchable act of creation…..that the lawlessness of many should be hidden in the One righteous, and the righteousness of one should justify many who were lawless!’ (Epistle to Diognetus, IX).
So when God, as Judge, looks upon believers, He sees no sin in His people, but only the perfect righteousness of Christ. As Father, of course, He still sees our failings and lovingly corrects them, but as Judge, He sees none. ‘Their sins and their lawless deeds I will remember no more’ (Heb 10:17). Christ has taken them away forever. ‘For as the heavens are high above the earth, so great is His mercy toward those who fear Him; as far as the east is from the west, so far has He removed our transgressions from us’ (Psalm 103:11-12). Tetelestai. It is finished. It is the end of all our sins.
On the cross we see the fulfilment of the Law’s requirements. ‘The law is holy, and the commandment holy and just and good’ Romans 7:12).The fault is not in the law but in sinful man who cannot keep it. Yet the law must be kept, and kept by a man, so that it might be honoured and magnified, and its giver vindicated. ‘To demonstrate at the present time His righteousness, that He might be just and the justifier of the one who has faith in Jesus’ (Romans 3:26. Cf. also 8:3-4) Christ has lived the life of perfect righteousness and obedience that we cannot live; he has fulfilled the righteous requirements of the law, and so have we, in Him.
Perhaps some personal testimony will be helpful here. My father was a difficult man, and we had a very uneasy relationship punctuated by some blazing rows. I can remember thinking to myself, “Why doesn’t the old fool shut up and leave me alone?” Then he was gone; carried away by a heart attack, long before I became a Christian. There was no time to say goodbye, much less apologize. How then can I keep Exodus 20:12 which bids me ‘Honour your father and mother’? It is no good trying to keep just the other nine commandments, even if I were able. James 2:10 tells me, ‘For whoever shall keep the whole law, and yet stumble in one point, he is guilty of all.’ Praise His name, Jesus Christ has come to my rescue. ‘Then He went down with [His parents] and came to Nazareth and was obedient to them’ (Luke 2:51). He has kept the law in my stead, and paid the penalty for my failure on the cross. It is finished. The law’s requirements are fulfilled.
Finally, on the cross we see, by the eye of faith, the defeat of Satan. The death of our Lord, that which appeared to be the Satan’s greatest victory, was in fact his death-knell. ‘For this purpose the Son of God was manifested, that He might destroy the works of the devil’ (1 John 2:8). The work of the devil was twofold: to plunge the world into sin and death and corruption, and to accuse mankind before God (Revelation 12:9-10). Christ’s work was to redeem a people from the great wreck of mankind, to pay the penalty for their sins in full and to take away the curse on the earth so that a restored and renewed people might live with God forever in a new heavens and a new earth (2 Peter 3:13).
Satan is defeated and it happened at the cross. ‘inasmuch as the children have partaken of flesh and blood, He Himself likewise shared in the same, that through death He might destroy him who had the power of death, that is, the devil’ (Hebrews 2:14). No longer has Satan any claim on us. We don’t work for him any more (Rom 6:16-18). We are now the willing servants of the Lord Jesus Christ and we delight to do His will (Psalm 40:6-8). Nor any longer can he accuse us before God for our sins have been taken away (1 John 3:5). Tetelestai. It is finished. Satan’s power is broken and the day will come when it will be ended completely forever. In the meantime we are told, ‘Resist the devil and he will flee from you’ (James 4:7). He must, for our new Master is stronger than he.
We rest upon a finished work. ‘There is now therefore no condemnation to those who are in Christ Jesus’ (Romans 8:1). There is no more to do- nothing we can do - to achieve salvation. “Come to Me all you who labour and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest” (Matthew 11:28). Are you burdened, trying to earn your way to salvation? Come to Christ and rest. Then rise up to serve Him, not because you must but because you may; because Christ invites you to share in His glorious victory and to tell the good news to others.
On the Cross we can see the end of all our sins. ‘And the LORD has laid on Him the iniquity of us all’ (Isaiah 53:6). If my iniquities have been laid upon Christ they are no longer on me. To be sure, there is still sin in me for I still carry the relic of my old Adamic nature and In will do until I die and shed this old body forever, but there is no more sin on me. I am no longer under condemnation. Why not? Because someone else has borne my punishment; someone else has taken the blame. ‘[He] Himself bore our sins in His own body on the tree’ (1Peter 2:24). It is a principle of the law that you can only be punished once for the same offence. If someone else has taken my punishment, I am no longer under its penalty. If someone has taken on my debt I am no longer liable to pay it. On the Day of Atonement, the High Priest placed his hands upon a live goat, symbolically transferring to it all the sins of the Israelites, before releasing it into the desert. This looked forward to the day when God the Father would lay all our sins upon the Lord Jesus Christ and He would take them away. But what of future sins? Will I still incur the guilt of these? By no means! This is the wonder of the atonement- not only are our sins laid upon Christ, but His perfect obedience and righteousness are credited to us who believe. ‘For He has made Him who know no sin to be sin for us, that we might become the righteousness of God in Him’ (2Cor 5:21. cf. also Rom 5:19; 1Cor 1:30).
An anonymous writer of the early Christian era expresses the wonder of the atonement so well:
‘He Himself took upon Him our sins, Himself gave His own Son as a ransom for us…….For what could cover our sins but His righteousness? In whom was it possible for us, lawless and impious as we were, to be justified, save only in the Son of God? Oh, sweet exchange and unsearchable act of creation…..that the lawlessness of many should be hidden in the One righteous, and the righteousness of one should justify many who were lawless!’ (Epistle to Diognetus, IX).
So when God, as Judge, looks upon believers, He sees no sin in His people, but only the perfect righteousness of Christ. As Father, of course, He still sees our failings and lovingly corrects them, but as Judge, He sees none. ‘Their sins and their lawless deeds I will remember no more’ (Heb 10:17). Christ has taken them away forever. ‘For as the heavens are high above the earth, so great is His mercy toward those who fear Him; as far as the east is from the west, so far has He removed our transgressions from us’ (Psalm 103:11-12). Tetelestai. It is finished. It is the end of all our sins.
On the cross we see the fulfilment of the Law’s requirements. ‘The law is holy, and the commandment holy and just and good’ Romans 7:12).The fault is not in the law but in sinful man who cannot keep it. Yet the law must be kept, and kept by a man, so that it might be honoured and magnified, and its giver vindicated. ‘To demonstrate at the present time His righteousness, that He might be just and the justifier of the one who has faith in Jesus’ (Romans 3:26. Cf. also 8:3-4) Christ has lived the life of perfect righteousness and obedience that we cannot live; he has fulfilled the righteous requirements of the law, and so have we, in Him.
Perhaps some personal testimony will be helpful here. My father was a difficult man, and we had a very uneasy relationship punctuated by some blazing rows. I can remember thinking to myself, “Why doesn’t the old fool shut up and leave me alone?” Then he was gone; carried away by a heart attack, long before I became a Christian. There was no time to say goodbye, much less apologize. How then can I keep Exodus 20:12 which bids me ‘Honour your father and mother’? It is no good trying to keep just the other nine commandments, even if I were able. James 2:10 tells me, ‘For whoever shall keep the whole law, and yet stumble in one point, he is guilty of all.’ Praise His name, Jesus Christ has come to my rescue. ‘Then He went down with [His parents] and came to Nazareth and was obedient to them’ (Luke 2:51). He has kept the law in my stead, and paid the penalty for my failure on the cross. It is finished. The law’s requirements are fulfilled.
Finally, on the cross we see, by the eye of faith, the defeat of Satan. The death of our Lord, that which appeared to be the Satan’s greatest victory, was in fact his death-knell. ‘For this purpose the Son of God was manifested, that He might destroy the works of the devil’ (1 John 2:8). The work of the devil was twofold: to plunge the world into sin and death and corruption, and to accuse mankind before God (Revelation 12:9-10). Christ’s work was to redeem a people from the great wreck of mankind, to pay the penalty for their sins in full and to take away the curse on the earth so that a restored and renewed people might live with God forever in a new heavens and a new earth (2 Peter 3:13).
Satan is defeated and it happened at the cross. ‘inasmuch as the children have partaken of flesh and blood, He Himself likewise shared in the same, that through death He might destroy him who had the power of death, that is, the devil’ (Hebrews 2:14). No longer has Satan any claim on us. We don’t work for him any more (Rom 6:16-18). We are now the willing servants of the Lord Jesus Christ and we delight to do His will (Psalm 40:6-8). Nor any longer can he accuse us before God for our sins have been taken away (1 John 3:5). Tetelestai. It is finished. Satan’s power is broken and the day will come when it will be ended completely forever. In the meantime we are told, ‘Resist the devil and he will flee from you’ (James 4:7). He must, for our new Master is stronger than he.
We rest upon a finished work. ‘There is now therefore no condemnation to those who are in Christ Jesus’ (Romans 8:1). There is no more to do- nothing we can do - to achieve salvation. “Come to Me all you who labour and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest” (Matthew 11:28). Are you burdened, trying to earn your way to salvation? Come to Christ and rest. Then rise up to serve Him, not because you must but because you may; because Christ invites you to share in His glorious victory and to tell the good news to others.
So how does the ESV translate Matthew 17:24 and Romans 13:6?
I don't think @Martin Marprelate will take mote (I am replying to your post, MM, but mot for your benefit).
Members and guests....anyone, really.
Pay attention to how much above is Scripture and how much is philosophy.
Christians should at least attempt to understand what the text of Scripture teaches.
Here (in the quote above) you will read pices of verses followed by a whole bunch of theories.
This is what happens when you are carried away by vain philosophy.
Jesus said "it is finished". When you pay your taxes you are finished. Therefore Jesus was saying "it is paid". If it is paid then it has to be your dins, and this by God punishing His Son instead of punishing you.
OR
You could simply dismiss all of @Martin Marprelate 's additions to Scripture and his changes to simply believe what is written in God's Word.
The choice, of course, is yours.
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