The elect are the sons of God. Not children, but sons.
It appeals to an Old Testament understanding of "son" and is the same sense in which Jesus is THE Son of God. He is the Heir of all things (Heb 1:2), who for the joy set before Him endured the cross and then sat at the right hand of God (Heb 12:2)
He is the "monogenes" (only Son c.f. John 3:16) of God, in the same way that Isaac was the monogenes of Abraham (Heb 11:17, Gen 22:2, 12, 16). Though Abraham had other children, Isaac was his only son.
And at the end of Abraham's life, He have to Isaac all that he had (Gen 25:5)
There is much more that can be written about this, I think about those as you see what's written in Romans chapter 8:14-30
14 Those who are led by the spirit are the sons of God
15 we have received the spirit of adoption as Sons
16 the spirit himself testifies that we are the children of God
17 if children, then heirs; heirs of God, and joint heirs with Christ - if indeed we suffer with him, that we may also be glorified with him
The scriptures plainly states that it's those who are led by the spirit who are the sons of God. And it also says that we are joint heirs with Christ if we suffer with him. That's conditional
18 for I am convinced that the sufferings of this present world are not worthy to be compared to the glory that is about to be revealed in us.
The glory - the Inheritance and the honor which comes with it, air condition on whether or not we suffer with Christ.
Read verses 26 and 27, how the spirit helps us in our times of weakness, and intercedes for us. This is relating to our times of suffering
28 And we know that God causes all things to work together for good to those who love God, to those who are called according to
His purpose
Think of Joseph in Egypt, when his brothers were brought before him. He said to them " you meant it for evil, but God meant it for good"
Denon verse 29, Paul speaks of those who were foreknown. This very squarely relates to the previous first, what God meant our suffering for good. And our suffering is tied to becoming joint heirs with Christ.
God foreknew some as heirs. And those who were foreknown as heirs, he predestined to be conformed to the image of Christ. And he made sure that their path is made certain, all the way to being glorified. Look at verse 17 again - glorified with Christ
31 What then shall we say to these things? If God
is for us, who
is against us?
32 He who did not spare His own Son, but delivered Him over for us all, how will He not also with Him freely give us all things?
He's saying that those who suffer with Christ will have an inheritance with Christ. They will share in all things with Christ. And they were predestined for this because they were already known as sons
Look later in the chapter, how it all relates to suffering. What shall separate us from the love of God? And then all manner of suffering is listed.
And Paul asked very pointedly - who shall bring a charge against God's elect?
That is election in a nutshell, and it is substantiated through and through all of scripture