Yep. In order to become a US citizen you must:
Be at least 18 years old at the time of filing Form N-400, Application for Naturalization.
Be a permanent resident (have a “Green Card”) for at least
5 years.
Show that you have lived for at least 3 months in the state or USCIS district where you apply.
Demonstrate
continuous residence in the United States for at least 5 years immediately preceding the date of filing Form N-400.
Be able to
read, write, and speak basic English.
Have a
basic understanding of U.S. history and government (civics).
Be a person of good moral character.
Demonstrate an
attachment to the principles and ideals of the U.S. Constitution.
The
bold parts are called "assimilation."
Oh, and, by the way, they don't just hand you a passport. In order to get a passport you must:
Fill out form DS-11.
Document Citizenship and Identification.
Provide a 2" by 2" color passport photo.
Pay $110 via cashiers check or postal money order.