First of all, the scriptures do not say rebellion is bound in the heart of a child.
Prov 22:15 Foolishness is bound in the heart of a child; but the rod of correction shall drive it far from him.
Foolishness is quite different from rebellion.
A rattlesnake is born with the ability to kill, but it is not a killer until it kills.
Man is born with the ability to sin just as Adam and Eve were created with the ability to sin or else they could not. And that destroys your doctrine, for God said they were "very good" even though they had this ability. No, they did not become evil until they actually exercised this ability and actually sinned. Having the ability does not make you evil, exercising the ability does.
My car has the ability to kill a person, but I am not a killer until I use that car to purposely run over and kill someone.
The scriptures say we are made after the similitude of God.
James 3:Therewith bless we God, even the Father; and therewith curse we men, which are made after the similitude of God.
Similitude means likeness. And this is New Testament, and it is not speaking of Adam.
Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible
Foolishness is bound in the heart of a child,.... That is, sin, the greatest of all folly; this is naturally in the heart of man; it is in the heart of a child, it is in him from his infancy; it is bound in his heart, it is rooted and riveted in him, being conceived in sin, and shapen in iniquity; it is what cleaves close to him, and he has a strong affection for and desire after: the imagination of man's heart is evil from his youth, Genesis 8:21; so that he is not easily brought off of sin, or becomes wise;
but the rod of correction shall drive it far from him; the rod used by parents, for the correction of sin and folly, is a means of making children wise, and of restraining the folly that is bound up in them; and of reclaiming them from those sinful ways, which the folly of their hearts leads them to, and so in some measure of driving it far from them.
Keil and Delitzsch Biblical Commentary on the Old Testament
15 Folly is bound to the heart of a child;
The rod of correction driveth it forth.
Folly, i.e., pleasure in stupid tricks, silly sport, and foolish behaviour, is the portion of children as such; their heart is as yet childish, and folly is bound up in it. Education first driveth forth this childish, foolish nature (for, as Menander says:
Ὁ μὴ δαρεὶς ἄνθρωπος οὐ παιδεύεται),
and if effects this when it is unindulgently severe: the שׁבט מוּסר (vid., Proverbs 23:13) removeth אוּלת from the heart, for it imparts intelligence and makes wise (Proverbs 29:15). The lxx is right in rendering 16a: ἄνοια ἐξῆπται (from ἐξάπτειν) καρδίας νέου; but the Syr. has "here mangled the lxx, and in haste has read ἀνοίᾳ ἐξίπταται: folly makes the understanding of the child fly away" (Lagarde).